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The paper presents a new method of seismic exploration, which includes two receivers of acoustic signals, deepened into the rock one under the other at some distance. These receivers record seismograms which are the acoustic signals, the source of which can be the natural seismic activity of the Earth’s crust or targeted sources of acoustic signals, such as an explosion. Simulation of the direct problem of seismic exploration was performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics and MatLab software packages. The seismograms obtained during the simulation are combined and added with each other with the on the delay time shift of the input seismic pulse between the receivers. In this case, the signals that came along the vertical, “amplify” each other on the total seismogram, and non-vertical signals are damped. The correlation function of seismograms was obtained for mathematical simulation. The results of modeling the propagation of an acoustic wave in rocks and an example of processing seismograms according to the proposed algorithm are given. The presented results show that the new method of receiver location and the method of processing seismograms make it possible to obtain a cleared seismogram that can be used to solve the inverse problem of determining the parameters of the geological environment.
The paper presents a new method of seismic exploration, which includes two receivers of acoustic signals, deepened into the rock one under the other at some distance. These receivers record seismograms which are the acoustic signals, the source of which can be the natural seismic activity of the Earth’s crust or targeted sources of acoustic signals, such as an explosion. Simulation of the direct problem of seismic exploration was performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics and MatLab software packages. The seismograms obtained during the simulation are combined and added with each other with the on the delay time shift of the input seismic pulse between the receivers. In this case, the signals that came along the vertical, “amplify” each other on the total seismogram, and non-vertical signals are damped. The correlation function of seismograms was obtained for mathematical simulation. The results of modeling the propagation of an acoustic wave in rocks and an example of processing seismograms according to the proposed algorithm are given. The presented results show that the new method of receiver location and the method of processing seismograms make it possible to obtain a cleared seismogram that can be used to solve the inverse problem of determining the parameters of the geological environment.
This paper presents a new method of seismic exploration with two buried receivers on the same vertical, which helps in comparing the experimental seismogram cleared of non-vertical signals with the calculated theoretical seismogram, which depends on the parameters of the layered structure, such as the thickness of the layers, their density, velocity of propagation of longitudinal acoustic waves in rock, and seismic quality factors of media. The method of least squares aided in the search for the global minimum of the discrepancy function of the calculated and experimental seismic pulse waveforms. The implementation of the algorithm for solving the inverse seismic problem was carried out in the MatLab software package. The construction of a theoretical seismogram includes the calculation of the spectrum of the input impulse, calculation of the frequency dependences of the reflection coefficients and the passage of waves at the interfaces of rocks with different physical parameters, the calculation of the shape of the seismic impulses received by the receivers. A comparison of the calculated and real parameters of the geological structure obtained in the COMSOL Multiphysics software package shows that the developed algorithm results in obtaining a seismogram that practically coincides with the experimental seismogram corresponding to the real rock section, with appropriate geological parameters of media, such as thickness, density and propagation velocity of acoustic waves, as well as quality factors.
In this article, the authors considered the concepts of "information system" and "information technology", studied the interpretation of these concepts by other scientists and, as a result, managed to give their own definition of the above terms. The purpose of this study is to review and analyze information systems in Ukraine to offer more efficient types of information systems and improve the state of the insurance market in the country as a whole and the activities of insurance companies separately. As a result of the analysis of various sources, it was possible to formulate requirements for information technologies and systems, among which the most important are: automation of processes in an insurance company, assistance with various calculations, ease of interface and use, additional functions such as accounting, etc. We managed to identify the three most common systems, compare them with each other and indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. It is also important that before introducing information systems into their activities, it is necessary to prepare the insurer for this: to develop instructions and rules for working with the system, to establish workflow, to distribute responsibilities between employees. Thus, in the modern world, insurance companies urgently need to implement information systems and technologies in their activities, because they are "assistants" in working with clients, greatly simplify the processes associated with insurance, affect the company's competitiveness, and help its development. And, to summarize, the development of information technologies in the insurance industry is still not over and companies continue to work on improving existing systems and developing new systems, focusing on market requirements, among which the authors highlighted: scaling of information systems, expanding the functionality of programs, simplifying the interface, etc.
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