New method for determining the degree of fibrillation of regenerated cellulose fibres

Ma, Yibo; Rissanen, Marja; You, Xiang; Moriam, Kaniz; Hummel, Michael; Sixta, Herbert

doi:10.1007/s10570-020-03513-y

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In our previous study, this animo-triazine is able to cross-link Ioncell fiber that is produced by dry-jet wet spinning of a dope prepared from a solution of wood pulp. 3 The study confirmed the cross-linking of TAHT with the hydroxyl group on the lyocell-type fiber and altogether ceased the fibrillation under high shear force. Cross-linking with TAHT has several advantages such as relatively low curing temperature and outstanding tensile property retention.…”

Section: ■ Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Cross-linking is a critical process for the chemical treatment of cellulosic fiber and textile production to improve its properties against fibrillation and poor wrinkle recovery. − For lyocell-type regenerated cellulosic fibers, the fibers are prone to form microfibrils on the fiber surface under high shear force in a wet or swollen state due to their highly orientated molecular structure. − The so-called fibrillation occurs due to a weak lateral cohesion between crystalline sheets in the oriented structure that eventually leads to the delamination of the fibril structure on the axial of the fiber surface. , Therefore, postspinning chemical treatment with cross-linkers (during the spin finish) is often required to prevent the fiber from fibrillation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Cross-Linking of Man-Made Cellulosic Fibers with Poly(carboxylic acids) for Fibrillation Control

You

Rissanen

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Lyocell-type fibers often exhibit a high tendency to fibrillate under wet abrasion conditions, and fibrillation must be diminished for a better quality of the textile product. In this study, we propose a green route for cross-linking regenerated cellulose fibers using citric acid (CA) and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) to prevent the fibers from fibrillation. We investigated the influence of process conditions and additives on the fibrillation tendency and fiber properties. The fibrillation tendency of the cross-linked fibers highly depended on the concentration of crosslinker solution, curing temperature, and curing time. BTCA showed better cross-linking performance in comparison to CA. CA cross-linked fibers also suffer from yellowing issues due to the formation of unsaturated side products during curing. Thus, glycerol and xylitol were added during cross-linking to avoid the reaction that led to the unsaturated compound. Washing fastness tests confirmed that the cross-linking has high stability when the cross-linker concentration is 100 g/L and fibers are cured at 180 °C for 5 min. The disadvantage of the CA and BTCA cross-linked fibers was a relatively low mechanical performance. The study demonstrated that adding softener in the cross-linker solution enhanced the mechanical properties and was also able to reduce the curing temperature without deteriorating the fibrillation index of the cross-linked fibers.

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Section: ■ Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Cross-Linking of Man-Made Cellulosic Fibers with Poly(carboxylic acids) for Fibrillation Control

You

Rissanen

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The fibrillation test was done according to the protocol described previously (Ma et al 2020). The creation of the micro fibrils of the regenerated STG and HPGbased Ioncell fibers were carried out using a Tefal blender.…”

Section: Fiber Fibrillation Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards regenerated cellulose fibers with high toughness

et al. 2021

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The production of sustainable and high-performance fabrics requires high mechanical strength of the individual (staple) fibers. Although Ioncell fibers already exhibit higher fiber strength than commercial man-made cellulose fibers or cotton fibers, we further aimed to increase both strength and toughness to gradually approach synthetic fibers in these properties. Decisive factors for the achievable mechanical properties of the fibers were the pulp purity, the cellulose concentration in the spinning solution and length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio of the cylindrical part of the spinneret. The absence of low molecular weight fractions in combination with an increased average molecular weight had the highest impact on the achievement of both high strength and toughness. Using a spinneret with a high L/D ratio, it was possible to spin Ioncell fibers with a tensile strength of 925 MPa (61.5 cN/tex) and a modulus of toughness of 83.3 MPa (55.5 J/g). According to a fluid dynamic simulation, uniformly longer molecular cellulose chains in combination with a longer cylindrical capillary promoted an effective alignment of the cellulose molecules inside the spinneret capillary before entering the airgap, thus creating the conditions for a simultaneous increase in tensile strength and elongation i.e. toughness of the fiber. Mechanistically, high fiber toughness is caused by the structural parameters in longitudinal direction, in particular by a higher tilt angle, a longer periodicity of the lamellar plane and lower micro void orientation. In summary, we have developed lyocell-type fibers with high strength and toughness, which can potentially be used as a surrogate for synthetic fibers. Graphic abstract

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“…Reference [ 25 ] stated that molecules of cellulose in cotton typically are within 800 and 10,000 units. The strength of cotton fibre depends on the degree of orientation of the molecules in the fibre axis [ 26 ]. Reference [ 24 ] reported that the tensile strength of cotton fibres is influenced by the degree of orientation of molecular chains and the fibre axis.…”

Section: Environmental Impact Of Cotton Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cotton Wastes Functionalized Biomaterials from Micro to Nano: A Cleaner Approach for a Sustainable Environmental Application

et al. 2021

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The exponential increase in textile cotton wastes generation and the ineffective processing mechanism to mitigate its environmental impact by developing functional materials with unique properties for geotechnical applications, wastewater, packaging, and biomedical engineering have become emerging global concerns among researchers. A comprehensive study of a processed cotton fibres isolation technique and their applications are highlighted in this review. Surface modification of cotton wastes fibre increases the adsorption of dyes and heavy metals removal from wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have demonstrated high adsorption capacity for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater. Cotton wastes fibres have found remarkable application in slope amendments, reinforcement of expansive soils and building materials, and a proven source for isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Several research work on the use of cotton waste for functional application rather than disposal has been done. However, no review study has discussed the potentials of cotton wastes from source (Micro-Nano) to application. This review critically analyses novel isolation techniques of CNC from cotton wastes with an in-depth study of a parameter variation effect on their yield. Different pretreatment techniques and efficiency were discussed. From the analysis, chemical pretreatment is considered the most efficient extraction of CNCs from cotton wastes. The pretreatment strategies can suffer variation in process conditions, resulting in distortion in the extracted cellulose’s crystallinity. Acid hydrolysis using sulfuric acid is the most used extraction process for cotton wastes-based CNC. A combined pretreatment process, such as sonication and hydrolysis, increases the crystallinity of cotton-based CNCs. The improvement of the reinforced matrix interface of textile fibres is required for improved packaging and biomedical applications for the sustainability of cotton-based CNCs.

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New method for determining the degree of fibrillation of regenerated cellulose fibres

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Sustainable Cross-Linking of Man-Made Cellulosic Fibers with Poly(carboxylic acids) for Fibrillation Control

Sustainable Cross-Linking of Man-Made Cellulosic Fibers with Poly(carboxylic acids) for Fibrillation Control

Towards regenerated cellulose fibers with high toughness

Cotton Wastes Functionalized Biomaterials from Micro to Nano: A Cleaner Approach for a Sustainable Environmental Application

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