New Megalonychid Sloths (Phyllophaga, Xenarthra) from the Quaternary of Hispaniola

MacPhee, Ross D.E.; White, Jennifer L.; Woods, Charles A.

doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2000)3303<0001:nmspxf>2.0.co;2

Cited by 50 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Trouing Jérémie no. 5 is also the type locality for the extinct rodent Rhizoplagiodontia lemkei and the extinct sloth Neocnus toupiti (15,16).…”

Section: Type Locality and Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Faunal continuity at the generic level among Cuba, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico is well established and has often been interpreted as the result of intra-Antillean vicariance rather than multiple overwater dispersal events (16,55). Into the Neogene, these islands formed a close-packed emergent geotectonic array that experienced progressive disruption and fragmentation (1,56).…”

Section: Origins Differentiation and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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An extinct monkey from Haiti and the origins of the Greater Antillean primates

Cooke

Rosenberger

Turvey

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A new extinct Late Quaternary platyrrhine from Haiti, Insulacebus toussaintiana , is described here from the most complete Caribbean subfossil primate dentition yet recorded, demonstrating the likely coexistence of two primate species on Hispaniola. Like other Caribbean platyrrhines, I . toussaintiana exhibits primitive features resembling early Middle Miocene Patagonian fossils, reflecting an early derivation before the Amazonian community of modern New World anthropoids was configured. This, in combination with the young age of the fossils, provides a unique opportunity to examine a different parallel radiation of platyrrhines that survived into modern times, but is only distantly related to extant mainland forms. Their ecological novelty is indicated by their unique dental proportions, and by their relatively large estimated body weights, possibly an island effect, which places the group in a size class not exploited by mainland South American monkeys. Several features tie the new species to the extinct Jamaican monkey Xenothrix mcgregori , perhaps providing additional evidence for an inter-Antillean clade.

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“…Trouing Jérémie no. 5 is also the type locality for the extinct rodent Rhizoplagiodontia lemkei and the extinct sloth Neocnus toupiti (15,16).…”

Section: Type Locality and Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origins Differentiation and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

An extinct monkey from Haiti and the origins of the Greater Antillean primates

Cooke

Rosenberger

Turvey

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Four of the remaining five AMS 14 C dates on N. comes also lie within the Holocene, which reinforces the evidence that at least one species of Hispaniolan sloth survived the glacial-interglacial transition. These localities also yielded remains of other species of extinct mammals, including the endemic Hispaniolan pitheciid platyrrhine monkey Antillothrix bernensis, which may have survived even later (42).…”

Section: Last Appearance Radiocarbon Dates On Extinct West Indian Slothsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronous extinction of late Quaternary sloths on continents and islands

Steadman

Martin

MacPhee

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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197

148

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Whatever the cause, it is extraordinary that dozens of genera of large mammals became extinct during the late Quaternary throughout the Western Hemisphere, including 90% of the genera of the xenarthran suborder Phyllophaga (sloths). Radiocarbon dates directly on dung, bones, or other tissue of extinct sloths place their ''last appearance'' datum at Ϸ11,000 radiocarbon years before present (yr BP) or slightly less in North America, Ϸ10,500 yr BP in South America, and Ϸ4,400 yr BP on West Indian islands. This asynchronous situation is not compatible with glacial-interglacial climate change forcing these extinctions, especially given the great elevational, latitudinal, and longitudinal variation of the slothbearing continental sites. Instead, the chronology of last appearance of extinct sloths, whether on continents or islands, more closely tracks the first arrival of people.

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“…nov.. In Ortotherium sp., Acratocnus odontrigonus Anthony, 1916, and Neocnus dousman MacPhee, White & Woods, 2000, the posterolateral opening of the mandibular canal is on the lateral side of the horizontal ramus (Anthony, 1926, pl. XXXVIII;MacPhee et al, 2000, fi gs.…”

Section: Holotype Macn Pv 13656 Type Of Ortotherium Brevirostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

A new genus of Megalonychidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Argentina

Brandoni¹

2014

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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New Megalonychid Sloths (Phyllophaga, Xenarthra) from the Quaternary of Hispaniola

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

An extinct monkey from Haiti and the origins of the Greater Antillean primates

An extinct monkey from Haiti and the origins of the Greater Antillean primates

Asynchronous extinction of late Quaternary sloths on continents and islands

A new genus of Megalonychidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Argentina

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