“…Corresponding to modern medicine, the balance and imbalance of gut microbiota correspond to spleen function in TCM directly. The essence of water and grain transported and transformed by the spleen can be understood as nutrients such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and various trace elements [ 116 ]. Gut microbiota is an important place for the body to obtain nutrients, participating in the digestion, absorption, and synthesis of nutrients, such as decomposition, protein, lipid, synthesis of various vitamins, and promoting metal ion absorption like iron [ 116 ].…”