Abstract:Molecular phylogenetic studies separated and united a group of genera that constituted the Spathelia-Ptaeroxylon clade, in which Dictyoloma and Sohnreyia have been included. Our taxonomic interest in the Dictyoloma vandellianum and Sohnreyia excelsa stimulated an investigation of both species searching for limonoids. Leaves from D. vandellianum afforded the new limonoid 1,2-dihydro-1α-hydroxy-8,30-epoxy-cneorin R, and heartwood yielded the new rearranged limonoid dictyolomin. Leaves from S. excelsa afforded th… Show more
“…The chief sources of limonoids are the Meliaceae and Rutaceae plant families (Da Silva et al 1984; Fig. 1 Basic limonoid skeleton Champagne et al 1992;Roy and Saraf 2006;Liao et al 2009;Fang et al 2011;Sun et al 2018;Sartor et al 2019;Cui et al 2021;Luo et al 2022) but they also can be found very occasionally in Cneoracea and Ptaeroxylaceae families and Harrisonia spp. of Simaroubaceae (Ourison et al 1964;Connolly 1983;Da Silva et al 1987;Tundis et al 2014;Amit and Shailendra 2006;Tan and Luo 2011).…”
Section: Natural Sources Of Degraded Limonoidsmentioning
Phytochemical studies on the roots, twigs and leaves of Meliaceae and Rutaceae family plants have revealed the presence of non-complex terpenes derived from limonoid fragmentation. The occurrence and chemical structure of these degraded limonoids isolated from 1930 to March 2022 are reported in this review. Particular attention is given to the degradation levels in these compounds and their absolute configuration to discover presumable deconstruction pathways from more complex limonoids. Plausible intermediates have been postulated for most of them that would explain their origin from limonoids. The total or semi-synthesis of the most isolated degraded limonoids or analogues remains undescribed. This review focuses on the bioactivity of these fragmented limonoids and their synthesized analogues. Based on pharmacological and agrochemical studies, degraded limonoids appear to be excellent structural leads to consider for the total or semi-synthesis of more potent derivatives with the aim of discovering new hits and clarifying their modes of action.
“…The chief sources of limonoids are the Meliaceae and Rutaceae plant families (Da Silva et al 1984; Fig. 1 Basic limonoid skeleton Champagne et al 1992;Roy and Saraf 2006;Liao et al 2009;Fang et al 2011;Sun et al 2018;Sartor et al 2019;Cui et al 2021;Luo et al 2022) but they also can be found very occasionally in Cneoracea and Ptaeroxylaceae families and Harrisonia spp. of Simaroubaceae (Ourison et al 1964;Connolly 1983;Da Silva et al 1987;Tundis et al 2014;Amit and Shailendra 2006;Tan and Luo 2011).…”
Section: Natural Sources Of Degraded Limonoidsmentioning
Phytochemical studies on the roots, twigs and leaves of Meliaceae and Rutaceae family plants have revealed the presence of non-complex terpenes derived from limonoid fragmentation. The occurrence and chemical structure of these degraded limonoids isolated from 1930 to March 2022 are reported in this review. Particular attention is given to the degradation levels in these compounds and their absolute configuration to discover presumable deconstruction pathways from more complex limonoids. Plausible intermediates have been postulated for most of them that would explain their origin from limonoids. The total or semi-synthesis of the most isolated degraded limonoids or analogues remains undescribed. This review focuses on the bioactivity of these fragmented limonoids and their synthesized analogues. Based on pharmacological and agrochemical studies, degraded limonoids appear to be excellent structural leads to consider for the total or semi-synthesis of more potent derivatives with the aim of discovering new hits and clarifying their modes of action.
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