New landslide monitoring techniques – developments and experiences of the alpEWAS project

Abstract

Mainly in the context of global climate change the awareness of landslide hazards has risen considerably in most mountainous regions worldwide in the last years. National and regional hazard mapping programs were set up in many countries and most of the potentially endangered sites have been identified. Although exclusive geodetic and geotechnical instrumentation is available today, due to some economical reasons only few of the identified potentially risky landslides are monitored permanently. The intention of the alpEWAS research project is to develop and to test new techniques suitable for e‰cient and cost-e¤ective landslide monitoring. These techniques are combined in a geo sensor network with an enclosed geo data base and a developed software package to use the whole system for stakeholder information and early warning purposes. The core of the project is the development and testing of the three innovative measurement systems time domain reflectometry (TDR) for the detection of subsurface displacements in boreholes and reflectorless video tacheometry (VTPS) and a low cost GNSS sensor component for the determination of 3D surface movements. Essential experiences obtained during the project will be described.

A modified tank model including snowmelt and infiltration time lags for deep-seated landslides in alpine environments (Aggenalm, Germany)

“…2.4), and time lag 2. The relationship between infiltration and water table is often proportional in slopes (Matsuura et al, 2008;Schulz et al, 2009;Thuro et al, 2010;Yin et al, 2010). Therefore, the conceptual equation of changed water table should be…”

Long-Range Geo-Monitoring Using Image Assisted Total Stations

“…The height component of 1.7 mm gives a very optimistic result; however, this disregards the in uence of the atmosphere (scintillation, refraction, etc.). Using an IATS, it is possible to minimise these e ects by the averaging of multiple images [22] and by derivation of turbulence parameters as described in [23].…”

Early Warning for Geological Disasters

“…A geological review is given by Singer et al (2009c); the geo sensor network with the technical features is described in Thuro et al (2010) in detail. After expiry of funding the monitoring of the Aggenalm Landslide is continued by the involved institutes with reduced scope, however.…”

“…15.12 Precipitation and pore water pressure for the 10 day period June 23rd to July 3rd 2009 including a cross correlation Thuro et al 2010) chain. Longer time series as well as a greater number of significant precipitation events should allow a further and more detailed interpretation of the cause-and-effect Fig.…”