New Kingdom and the Third Intermediate Period in Tell el-Retaba

Rzepka, Sławomir; Wodzińska, Anna; Malleson, Claire; Hudec, Jiří; Jamurźek, L.; Misiewicz, K.; Małkowski, Wiesław; Bogacki, Miron

doi:10.1553/aeundl21s129

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…21 Of the two, the sample from (710) was by far the richer with 1421 IPL ((669) = 1077 IPL) (see table 2). An interesting comparison can be made between these ovens and those found in area 9 dat-20 Rzepka et al 2011;2015 ing to the 19 th dynasty -3 rd intermediate period. 22 in the later period there was a general trend to choose dung as the primary fuel, whilst in these 18 th dynasty ovens this seems not to have been the case.…”

Section: Secondary Features Of In-situ Ashesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Grabungsvorberichte/Preliminary Excavation Reports: Archaeobotanical Investigations at Tell el-Retaba. 2nd Intermediate period – 18th dynasty cemetery and settlements

Malleson¹

2016

AEundL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents results of analysis of 2 nd Intermediate period and 18 th dynasty archaeobotanical remains from the multi-period settlement and cemetery site of Tell el-Retaba in the Wadi Tumilat; material from the Ramesside and 3 rd Intermediate period can be found in A&L 25 (2015, 175-200). Excavations conducted since 2009 have yielded abundant charred plant macroremains the analyses of which have enabled hypotheses relating to the local environment, animal husbandry, agriculture and subsistence strategies. It has now been established that the area experienced regular fluctuations of water levels and changing water-bodies, and that the inhabitants of the settlements of all periods at the site generally seem to have relied primarily upon an integrated arable and livestock agricultural system.

show abstract

Section: Secondary Features Of In-situ Ashesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Grabungsvorberichte/Preliminary Excavation Reports: Archaeobotanical Investigations at Tell el-Retaba. 2nd Intermediate period – 18th dynasty cemetery and settlements

Malleson¹

2016

AEundL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mission worked under the auspices of the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology of the University of Warsaw. Involved were also the Institute of Archaeology of the University of Warsaw; the Slovak Academy of Science and the Aigyptos Foundation in Bratislava (Rzepka et al, 2009(Rzepka et al, , 2011(Rzepka et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fortress existed for over a hundred years. During the Third Intermediate Period, the defensive walls were already ruined and an open settlement existed at least to the Late Period (Rzepka et al, 2009(Rzepka et al, , 2011(Rzepka et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Report on Engineering Properties and Environmental Resistance of Ancient Mud Bricks from Tell El-Retaba Archaeological Site in the Nile Delta

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The archaeological site Tell el-Retaba in north-eastern Egypt, about 35 km to the west of Ismailia city, is located in the middle of Wadi Tumilat, a shallow valley running from the Nile Delta to the Bitter Lakes, along which flows the Suez Canal. In ancient times the valley was a route between Egypt and Syro-Palestine, strongly fortified in the New Kingdom times (16th–11th century BC). Mud bricks were analyzed from two parts of the Wall 1 (core of grey-brown bricks and inner extension of green bricks) in a fortress which existed during the Ramesses II times. Grain-size composition of the studied bricks was almost identical in both parts of the wall, suggesting the same source material for a production of brick. However, significant differences were observed in physical and mechanical properties (uni-axial compressive strength) in both types of bricks. Bricks from the core had lower bulk density, higher porosity and soak faster, whereas their resistance parameters were much lower than those of the bricks from the inner extension. The reason for such large differences in brick properties was a technology of their production, particularly proportion of components, water volume added during brick formation or density degree. Brick preparation and in consequence, physical-mechanical properties had direct influence on preservation of defensive structures during environmental changes related to changes of groundwater and surface water levels or of precipitation. Ancient Egyptians responsible for construction works in mud brick structures of the fortress must have had good knowledge and experience. This could be observed particularly for the heaviest and most important construction element that is the defensive wall, founded on well-densified deposits. It was also testified by higher resistance of green bricks from the inner extensions, which probably originated slightly later and were intended to reinforce a weaker core built of grey-brown bricks.

show abstract

On the Historicity of the Exodus: What Egyptology Today Can Contribute to Assessing the Biblical Account of the Sojourn in Egypt

Bietak

2015

Israel's Exodus in Transdisciplinary Perspective

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New Kingdom and the Third Intermediate Period in Tell el-Retaba

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Grabungsvorberichte/Preliminary Excavation Reports: Archaeobotanical Investigations at Tell el-Retaba. 2nd Intermediate period – 18th dynasty cemetery and settlements

Grabungsvorberichte/Preliminary Excavation Reports: Archaeobotanical Investigations at Tell el-Retaba. 2nd Intermediate period – 18th dynasty cemetery and settlements

Preliminary Report on Engineering Properties and Environmental Resistance of Ancient Mud Bricks from Tell El-Retaba Archaeological Site in the Nile Delta

On the Historicity of the Exodus: What Egyptology Today Can Contribute to Assessing the Biblical Account of the Sojourn in Egypt

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About