New K-Ar ages, chemical analyses and magnetic data of rocks from the islands of santa maria (azores), porto santo and madeira (madeira archipelago) and gran canaria (Canary Islands)

Féraud, Gilbert; Gastaud, J.; Schmincke, Hans‐Ulrich; Pritchard, G B; Lietz, J.; Bleil, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/bf02600570

Cited by 55 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The nine islands are divided into three groups: the occidental group of Corvo and Flores; the central group of Faial, Pico, Graciosa, São Jorge and Terceira; and the oriental group of São Miguel and Santa Maria, plus the Formigas islets (Fig. 2) S. Maria is located at the eastern and southern extreme of the archipelago and is undoubtedly the oldest of all the Azorean islands, with two distinct morphological areas: the western part (8.12 Myr BP as proposed by Abdel-Monem et al, 1975;5.27 Myr BP as proposed by Feraud et al, 1984) is very flat with extensive wave cut platforms reaching altitudes of 250 m (Serralheiro & Madeira, 1993); the eastern part is more irregular and younger with the highest point reaching 587 m (Pico Alto). This is the only Azorean island with calcareous deposits of marine biological origin, and taking into account the age of the fossil sediments, the island probably first rose from the sea about 20 Myr BP ago in the upper Miocene (Agostinho, 1937).…”

Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of island geological age on the arthropod species richness of Azorean pastures

Borges

Brown

1999

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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Species richness of six pasture arthropod assemblages (total arthropod species, total herbivore species, sucking and chewing herbivores, total predatory species and spiders) were regressed against several geographical variables (area, distance from the nearest mainland, maximum elevation and geological age of the islands) of three Azorean islands (S. Maria, Terceira and Pico). The species were sampled by the fixed-quadrat size sampling method and the results obtained are consistent with the geological age hypothesis, i.e. the species richness of the six indigenous arthropod assemblages increases with the geological age of the islands, both at local and regional scales. Higher values of indigenous and endemic species richness were consistently found on the older island (S. Maria), and the lowest values on the most recent island (Pico). Moreover, when considering the age of Faial (an older island probably once connected with Pico) as a estimate of the age of Pico, correlations between species richness and island age were improved, thereby strengthening the relationship. The older island (S. Maria) has more specialized herbivores and a greater proportion of herbivores in relation to predatory arthropods. Ecological and biogeographical studies in the Azores should take into account the effects of the time each island has been available for colonization and evolution.

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Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of island geological age on the arthropod species richness of Azorean pastures

Borges

Brown

1999

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…This village has a population of about 1541 inhabitants (Servic -o Regional de Estatı´stica dos Ac -ores, 2003), where the age-groups 0-14, 15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and over 64 represent 22%, 16%, 27%, 19%, and 16% of the population, respectively. Santa Maria, which is one of the smallest islands (92 km 2 ), includes about 5578 inhabitants (Servic -o Regional de Estatı´stica dos Ac -ores, 2003), and is also rural but, in contrast, has had no volcanic activity since 3 million years ago (Feraud et al, 1984). In Santa Maria, the age-groups 0-14, 15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and over 64 represent 24%, 16%, 30%, 18%, and 12% of the its population, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic exposure to volcanic environments and chronic bronchitis incidence in the Azores, Portugal

Amaral

Rodrigues

2007

Environmental Research

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The village of Furnas, like other active volcanic areas in the world, exhibits high levels of hazardous gases. We aimed to investigate the existence of a possible association between chronic exposure to volcanic sulfur gases and chronic bronchitis. To investigate this, we used two populations, one exposed to active manifestations of volcanism (Furnas) and another from an area where no volcanic activity took place for over three million years (Santa Maria), both in the Azores. We used data on the incidence of chronic bronchitis among both populations (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001), obtained from the records of each local health center, and population denominators from censuses carried out in 1991 and 2001, using five age-groups. We also estimated relative risks and mean annual age-standardized rates of chronic bronchitis incidence. Incidence rates were extremely higher in the volcanically active area for both sexes, and especially in the youngest groups. Accordingly, the risk of chronic bronchitis for the people living in the volcanically active area was extremely higher (males RR ¼ 3.99; females RR ¼ 10.74) when compared to those living in the volcanically inactive area. Comparison of chronic bronchitis incidence rates between both populations suggests an association between this disease and the chronic exposure to the volcanically active environment, with all its hazardous gases like hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. These findings may help health officials to better advice people inhabiting volcanic areas, or others with high levels of sulfur gases, on how to prevent and minimize the risks of chronic bronchitis. r

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“…This village has about 1541 inhabitants (Serviço Regional de Estatística dos Açores, 2003), where the age groups 0-14, 15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and over 64 represent 22%, 16%, 27%, 19%, and 16% of the local population, respectively. Santa Maria, which is one of the smallest islands (92 km 2 ), has about 5578 inhabitants (Serviço Regional de Estatística dos Açores, 2003), and is also rural but, in contrast, has had no volcanic activity since 3 million years ago (Feraud et al, 1984). In Santa Maria, the age groups 0-14, 15-24, 25-44, 45-64, and over 64 represent 24%, 16%, 30%, 18%, and 12% of the local population, respectively.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential and non-essential trace metals in scalp hair of men chronically exposed to volcanogenic metals in the Azores, Portugal

Amaral

Arruda

Cabral

et al. 2008

Environment International

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Volcanoes produce and release large amounts of toxicants, and the concentration of metals in hair can be used as a biomarker of exposure to trace metals. In order to investigate whether humans exposed to volcanic emissions demonstrate higher concentrations of essential and non-essential trace metals, scalp hair of men (3-89 years) living in two areas of the Azores, one exposed to volcanic emissions and the other not, was sampled, and their content in Cd, Cu, Pb, Rb, Se, and Zn was quantified by using High Resolution Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. In average, men exposed to volcanic emissions presented higher concentrations of Cd (96.9 ppb), Cu (16.2 ppm), Pb (3417.6 ppb), Rb (216.3 ppb), and Zn (242.8 ppm), but not Se (469.6 ppb). Also, strong and significant correlations were found between Cd-Rb and Pb-Rb in the exposed men. In conclusion, humans living chronically exposed to volcanic emissions show high concentrations of essential and non-essential trace metals in scalp hair, and is suggested that this type of exposure may be as harmful as living close to industrial facilities. A B S T R A C T A R T I C L E I N F O

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New K-Ar ages, chemical analyses and magnetic data of rocks from the islands of santa maria (azores), porto santo and madeira (madeira archipelago) and gran canaria (Canary Islands)

Cited by 55 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of island geological age on the arthropod species richness of Azorean pastures

Effect of island geological age on the arthropod species richness of Azorean pastures

Chronic exposure to volcanic environments and chronic bronchitis incidence in the Azores, Portugal

Essential and non-essential trace metals in scalp hair of men chronically exposed to volcanogenic metals in the Azores, Portugal

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