New Jersey proposes toughest arsenic standard worldwide

Christen, Kris

doi:10.1021/es040419f

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Like other carcinogens, the MCL Goal for arsenic is also set to zero; the enforceable MCL

was chosen using the U.S. EPA’s discretionary authority to set less stringent standards based on a cost–benefit analysis that ruled out

and

as being too expensive for small community water utilities to comply. Unsatisfied with a federal MCL that would not provide the level of protection required by state law, New Jersey went further in 2004 by adopting an arsenic MCL of

, which remains the most protective in the nation ( Christen 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

Zheng

Flanagan

2017

Environ Health Perspect

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Background:The 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulates >170,000 public water systems to protect health, but not >13 million private wells. State and local government requirements for private well water testing are rare and inconsistent; the responsibility to ensure water safety remains with individual households. Over the last two decades, geogenic arsenic has emerged as a significant public health concern due to high prevalence in many rural American communities.Objectives:We build the case for universal screening of private well water quality around arsenic, the most toxic and widespread of common private water contaminants. We argue that achieving universal screening will require policy intervention, and that testing should be made easy, accessible, and in many cases free to all private well households in the United States, considering the invisible, tasteless, odorless, and thus silent nature of arsenic.Discussion:Our research has identified behavioral, situational and financial barriers to households managing their own well water safety, resulting in far from universal screening despite traditional public health outreach efforts. We observe significant socioeconomic disparities in arsenic testing and treatment when private water is unregulated. Testing requirements can be a partial answer to these challenges.Conclusions:Universal screening, achieved through local testing requirements complemented by greater community engagement targeting biologically and socioeconomically vulnerable groups, would reduce population arsenic exposure greater than any promotional efforts to date. Universal screening of private well water will identify the dangers hidden in America’s drinking water supply and redirect attention to ensure safe water among affected households. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP629

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“…Like other carcinogens, the MCL Goal for arsenic is also set to zero; the enforceable MCL

was chosen using the U.S. EPA’s discretionary authority to set less stringent standards based on a cost–benefit analysis that ruled out

and

, which remains the most protective in the nation ( Christen 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

Zheng

Flanagan

2017

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Arsenic is a highly toxic and carcinogenic element, prompting the World Health Organization (WHO), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), as well as several countries to lower the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic in drinking water from 50 to 10 lg/L. In 2003, the state of New Jersey, USA proposed to further lower the MCL to 5 lg/L for assurance of public health [2]. The distribution between As(III) and As(V) in water depends on oxidative and reductive conditions and pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the main objectives of the present work are: (1) to prepare an amorphous mesoporous TiO 2 adsorbent through simple hydrolysis from environmentally friendly and low-cost raw materials for effective arsenic removal; (2) to characterize the adsorbent with a variety of techniques; and (3) to evaluate its As (III) adsorption capacities and performances, i.e. equilibrium, kinetics aspects, and effects of pH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic(III) removal from low-arsenic water by adsorption with amorphous mesoporous TiO₂

Tang

Huang

et al. 2012

Desalination and Water Treatment

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The present study investigated the removal of As(III) from low-arsenic water through adsorption on amorphous mesoporous TiO 2 . The mesoporous TiO 2 adsorbent size was 3.92 nm as calculated by adsorption average pore width. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area was 205 m 2 /g. A 0.2 g adsorbent treatment during five hours resulted in less than 4 lg/L remaining As(III) in the water, and nearly 84% of As(III) in the solution were removed in only 20 min. The As(III) adsorption kinetics data were well described by the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption pH value of 9.3 coincided with the first pK 1 dissociation constant of H 3 AsO 3 of 9.22. The Dubinin-Radushkevich and Langmuir isotherms provided maximum adsorption capacity of 4.57 and 4.79 mg/g, respectively, under low equilibrium concentration. These values possibly indicate the excellent capacity of amorphous mesoporous TiO 2 on As(III) removal from low-arsenic water. Given by the b-value of Langmuir isotherm under different pH, the average standard Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG o ) was -11.6 kJ mol À1 , which indicated spontaneous adsorption.

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“…The State of New Jersey proposed the new arsenic MPC of 5 lg L À1 [6]. Advancement of drinking water treatment scheme and replacement of chlorination by ozonation on the stage of water disinfection created a problem of bromate formation from bromide originally containing in the purifying raw waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advancement of drinking water treatment scheme and replacement of chlorination by ozonation on the stage of water disinfection created a problem of bromate formation from bromide originally containing in the purifying raw waters. While bromide is nutrient for humans, bromate is dangerous toxicant with mutagenic and neurotoxic properties [6][7][8][9]. MPC of bromate in drinking water is 10 lg L À1 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New inorganic (an)ion exchangers based on Mg–Al hydrous oxides: (Alkoxide-free) sol–gel synthesis and characterisation

Chubar

2011

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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New Jersey proposes toughest arsenic standard worldwide

Cited by 10 publications

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The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

Arsenic(III) removal from low-arsenic water by adsorption with amorphous mesoporous TiO₂

New inorganic (an)ion exchangers based on Mg–Al hydrous oxides: (Alkoxide-free) sol–gel synthesis and characterisation

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New Jersey proposes toughest arsenic standard worldwide

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

The Case for Universal Screening of Private Well Water Quality in the U.S. and Testing Requirements to Achieve It: Evidence from Arsenic

Arsenic(III) removal from low-arsenic water by adsorption with amorphous mesoporous TiO2

New inorganic (an)ion exchangers based on Mg–Al hydrous oxides: (Alkoxide-free) sol–gel synthesis and characterisation

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Arsenic(III) removal from low-arsenic water by adsorption with amorphous mesoporous TiO₂