New isolation of Clostridium aceticum (Wieringa)

Adamse, A. D.

doi:10.1007/bf00394009

Cited by 55 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The original culture oif Wieringa was presumably lost for many years but was recently revived from an old endospore preparation (5). Isolates similar to C. aceticum have been described by other workers (1,14). Anaerobic Hz-oxidizing acetogenic bacteria can be found in a number of environments (6).…”

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confidence: 57%

Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov.: an Anaerobic Bacterium That Forms Acetate from H2 and CO2

Sleat

Mah

Robinson

1985

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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An anaerobic bacterium which produced acetate from H2 and C 0 2 was isolated. The rod-shaped cells were not lysed by KOH, did not hydrolyze ~-alanine-4-nitroanilide, and stained gram negative. However, the cell wall did not resemble a gram-negative wall in structure; it was comprised of two layers. The cells were motile by means of three or four peritrichous flagella. Yeast extract was required for both chemoorganotrophic and chemolithotrophic growth; yeast extract, glucose, maltose, or H2-C02 could serve as a substrate for growth. Strain NOT-3T (T = type strain) grew best at 37°C and pH 7.6 to 7.8. The deoxyribonucleic acid base composition was 36.8 mol% guanine plus cytosine. Strain NOT-3 (= ATCC 35199) is named Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov. and is the type strain of this new species.Acetate production by H2-dependent C02 reduction was first demonstrated in enrichment cultures (9). Subsequently, Clostridium aceticum, which grows readily in the presence olf H2 and COz, was isolated by Wieringa (20). Acetate is the only product formed by this organism. The original culture oif Wieringa was presumably lost for many years but was recently revived from an old endospore preparation (5). Isolates similar to C. aceticum have been described by other workers (1,14). Anaerobic Hz-oxidizing acetogenic bacteria can be found in a number of environments (6). Other species with this property have been described in the genera Acetobacterium (2,4), Acetogenium (ll), Eiibacterium (18), and Clostridiirm (19), including thermophilic species (11,19).A sediment sample taken from an oil exploration drilling site was examined for the presence of methanogens. High dilutions of the sample showed H2 uptake and acetate production without methanogenesis. A bacterium which produced acetate from H2 and C 0 2 was isolated from these dilutions. This organism (strain NOT-3T [= ATCC 35199T]) (T = type strain) is named Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov.(A brief report of this work appeared previously [Sleat, Mah, and Robinson, Abstr. Annu. Meet. Am. SOC. Microbiol. 1983Microbiol. , 154, p. 1481 MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial strains. Strain NOT-3T was isolated from sediment of the Notera 3 oil exploration drilling site in the Hula swamp area of Galilee, Israel. The sediment pH was 8.0. Polyethylene bottles were filled with sediment samples, shipped to the laboratory, and stored under 02-free N2 at 4°C.Culture medium. The culture medium used was prepared by using the techniques of Hungate (10). This medium contained (per liter) 0.4 g of K2HP04 * 3H20, 1.0 g of NH,CI, 0.45 g of NaCI, 2.0 g of yeast extract (Difco L,aboratories, Detroit, Mich.), 0.15 g of L-cysteine hydrochloride, and 0.001 g of resazurin; 10 ml of a trace metal solution (8) and 10 ml of vitamin solution (5) were added per liter. The medium was adjusted to pH 7.0 with 4 N NaOH, dispensed under a gas phase of either H2-C02 (4:l) or hl2-CO2 (4:1), and autoclaved. Before inoculation the pH * Corresponding author. 10 was adjusted (usually to 8.0) with a sterile ...

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confidence: 57%

Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov.: an Anaerobic Bacterium That Forms Acetate from H2 and CO2

Sleat

Mah

Robinson

1985

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…aceticum was the first acetogen to be isolated, from a soil sample in 1936 [134,135], although the strain was subsequently lost [136]. In 1980, spores of the original strain were serendipitously found and reactivated [136], while at the same time it was separately re-isolated [137]. Producing acetate from growth-supporting substrates including H 2 and CO 2 , CO and a range of sugars (fructose, ribose, glutamate, fumarate, malate and pyruvate), C. aceticum has an optimal growth temperature of 30 °C [136].…”

Section: Acetate Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

2012

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Abstract:The use of gas fermentation for the production of low carbon biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from lignocellulosic biomass is an area currently undergoing intensive research and development, with the first commercial units expected to commence operation in the near future. In this process, biomass is first converted into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )-rich synthesis gas (syngas) via gasification, and subsequently fermented to hydrocarbons by acetogenic bacteria. Several studies have been performed over the last few years to optimise both biomass gasification and syngas fermentation with significant progress being reported in both areas. While challenges associated with the scale-up and operation of this novel process remain, this strategy offers numerous advantages compared with established fermentation and purely thermochemical approaches to biofuel production in terms of feedstock flexibility and production cost. In recent times, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology techniques have been applied to gas fermenting organisms, paving the way for gases to be used as the feedstock for the commercial production of increasingly energy dense fuels and more valuable chemicals.

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“…Methanol and methyl residues of methoxylated aromatic compounds were also fermented to acetate in a similar manner as observed with Acetobacterium woodii (Bache and Pfennig 1981), however, the double bond in cinnamic acid derivates was not reduced. Among the homoacetogenic bacteria described so far, only Clostridium aceticum (Wieringa 1940;Adamse 1980; and C.formicoacetieum (Andreesen et al 1970) are able to grow on ethanol, but higher alcohols are not utilized. Oxidation of 2,3-butanediol and acetoin was recently reported for A. woodii, C. aceticum, and C. magnum (Schink 1984b).…”

Section: Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of primary aliphatic alcohols by Acetobacterium carbinolicum sp. nov., a homoacetogenic anaerobe

1984

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Abstract. Four strains of new homoacetogenic bacteria were enriched and isolated from freshwater sediments and sludge with ethanol, propanol, 1,2-propanediol, or 1,2-butanediol as substrates. All strains were Gram-positive nonsporeforming rods and grew well in carbonate-buffered defined media under obligately anaerobic conditions. Optimal growth occurred at 27 ~ C around pH 7.0. H2/CO2, primary aliphatic alcohols C1-C5, glucose, fructose, lactate, pyruvate, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 2,3-butanediol, acetoin, glycerol, and methyl groups ofmethoxylated benzoate derivates and betaine were fermented to acetate or, in case of primary alcohols C3-C5 and 1,2-propanediol, to acetate and the respective fatty acid. In coculture with methanogens methane was formed, probably due to interspecies hydrogen transfer. Strain WoPropl is described as a new species, Aeetobacterium carbinolicum. It had a DNA base composition of 38.5 _+ 1.0% guanine plus cytosine, and contained murein of crosslinkage type B similar to A. woodii.

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New isolation of Clostridium aceticum (Wieringa)

Cited by 55 publications

References 15 publications

Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov.: an Anaerobic Bacterium That Forms Acetate from H2 and CO2

Acetoanaerobium noterae gen. nov., sp. nov.: an Anaerobic Bacterium That Forms Acetate from H2 and CO2

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

Oxidation of primary aliphatic alcohols by Acetobacterium carbinolicum sp. nov., a homoacetogenic anaerobe

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