New Ionone Glycosides from the Aerial Parts of Allium sativum and Their Anti-Platelet Aggregation Activity

Abstract

The bulbs of Allium sativum known as garlic are widely used as food or seasoning. In China they have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since ancient times for the treatment of scabies, tuberculosis, pertussis, diarrhea and dysentery. A. sativum has reportedly shown platelet aggregation inhibition, and has been used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, there are only few studies focusing on the aerial parts, which are normally discarded during harvest. In this study two new ionone glycosides, dasuanxinosides D and E (1, 2), were isolated from the aerial parts together with thirteen known compounds including alkanes derivatives and alkyl glycosides (3-15) which are reported for the first time from this plant. Their structures were identified by extensive NMR and HRMS analyses. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in vitro.

Three New Ionone Glycosides from Rhododendron capitatum Maxim

“…These compounds exhibit a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, cytotoxic, and hypoglycaemic activities [7][8][9][10]. As part of our continuing studies on chemical components with novel structures and significant pharmacological activities from folk medicinal plants found in the Qinling region [11,12], chemical investigations of the aerial parts of R. capitatum were undertaken, leading to the isolation and identification of three new ionone glycosides (1-3) and seven known compounds (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). This is the first report on the sesquiterpenoid compounds from R. capitatum (Figure 1), wherein compound 1 was a novel ionone with a 6/7 bicyclic skeleton.…”

“…Ionones are decarbonated sesquiterpenes comprising cyclised isoprene units. They are widely distributed in plants of the Scrophulariaceae [ 1 ], Solanaceae [ 2 ], and Simaroubaceae [ 3 ] families, with a varied range of pharmacological activities including α -glucosidase inhibition [ 1 ] and anti-inflammatory [ 3 , 4 , 5 ], anti-tumour [ 5 ], and anti-platelet aggregation properties [ 6 ].…”