New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing

Anselmo, Lívia Maria Pala; Gallo, Juliana Failde; Pinhata, Juliana Maira Watanabe; Peronni, Kamila Chagas; Silva, Wilson A.; Ruy, Patrícia de Cássia; Conceição, Emilyn Costa; Dippenaar, Anzaan; Warren, Robin M.; Monroe, Aline Aparecida; Oliveira, Rosângela Siqueira de; Bollela, Valdes Roberto

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0181-2022

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To prevent the spread of TB, it is crucial to describe the transmission chains in particular communities. Prisons are widely acknowledged to have an exceptionally high burden of TB (28 times greater) compared to the general population, serving as a reservoir for persistent MDR TB ( Witbooi and Vyambwera, 2017 ; Anselmo et al, 2023 ). The recent findings demonstrated that 43 and 45.4% of TB cases among prisoners were due to direct transmission ( Anselmo et al, 2023 ; Sanabria et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Unlocking the Potential Of Next-generation Sequencing In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prisons are widely acknowledged to have an exceptionally high burden of TB (28 times greater) compared to the general population, serving as a reservoir for persistent MDR TB ( Witbooi and Vyambwera, 2017 ; Anselmo et al, 2023 ). The recent findings demonstrated that 43 and 45.4% of TB cases among prisoners were due to direct transmission ( Anselmo et al, 2023 ; Sanabria et al, 2023 ). WGS-based screening for TB before and after the transfer of prisoners could contribute to preventing TB transmission and reducing the number of TB cases.…”

Section: Unlocking the Potential Of Next-generation Sequencing In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advancing tuberculosis management: the role of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

Dohál,

Porvazník,

Solovič

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Tuberculosis is a major global health issue, with approximately 10 million people falling ill and 1.4 million dying yearly. One of the most significant challenges to public health is the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis. For the last half-century, treating tuberculosis has adhered to a uniform management strategy in most patients. However, treatment ineffectiveness in some individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis presents a major challenge to the global tuberculosis control initiative. Unfavorable outcomes of tuberculosis treatment (including mortality, treatment failure, loss of follow-up, and unevaluated cases) may result in increased transmission of tuberculosis and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Treatment failure may occur due to drug-resistant strains, non-adherence to medication, inadequate absorption of drugs, or low-quality healthcare. Identifying the underlying cause and adjusting the treatment accordingly to address treatment failure is important. This is where approaches such as artificial intelligence, genetic screening, and whole genome sequencing can play a critical role. In this review, we suggest a set of particular clinical applications of these approaches, which might have the potential to influence decisions regarding the clinical management of tuberculosis patients.

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Section: Unlocking the Potential Of Next-generation Sequencing In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unlocking the Potential Of Next-generation Sequencing In The...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing tuberculosis management: the role of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

Dohál,

Porvazník,

Solovič

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Whole genome sequencing analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals circulating strain types and drug-resistance mutations in the Philippines

Wang,

Lim,

Phelan

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The Philippines is a high-incidence country for tuberculosis, with the increasing prevalence of multi- (MDR-TB) and extensively-drug (XDR-TB) resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains posing difficulties to disease control. Understanding the genetic diversity of circulating strains can provide insights into underlying drug resistance mutations and transmission dynamics, thereby assisting the design of diagnostic tools, including those using next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. By analysing genome sequencing data of 732 isolates from Philippines drug-resistance survey collections spanning from 2011 to 2019, we found that the majority belonged to lineages L1 (531/732; 72.5%) and L4 (European-American; n = 174; 23.8%), with the Manila strain (L1.2.1.2.1) being the most prominent (475/531). Approximately two-thirds of isolates were found to be at least MDR-TB (483/732; 66.0%), and potential XDR-TB genotypic resistance was observed (3/732; 0.4%), highlighting an emerging problem in the country. Genotypic resistance was highly concordant with laboratory drug susceptibility testing. By finding isolates with (near-)identical genomic variation, five major clusters containing a total of 114 isolates were identified: all containing either L1 or L4 isolates with at least MDR-TB resistance and spanning multiple years of collection. Closer inspection of clusters revealed transmission in prisons, some involving isolates with XDR-TB, and mutations linked to third-line drug bedaquiline. We have also identified previously unreported mutations linked to resistance for isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and fluoroquinolones. Overall, this study provides important insights into the genetic diversity, transmission and circulating drug resistance mutations of M. tuberculosis in the Philippines, thereby informing clinical and surveillance decision-making, which is increasingly using NGS platforms.

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Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance among Prison Populations in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 2022

Ferreira da Silva,

Alcantara,

Fonseca

et al. 2024

Viruses

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This study examines the epidemiological and genomic characteristics, along with the transmission dynamics, of SARS-CoV-2 within prison units I and II in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Conducted between May and October 2022, it reveals how the virus spreads in the confined settings of prisons, emphasizing the roles of overcrowded cells, frequent transfers, and limited healthcare access. The research involved 1927 participants (83.93% of the total prison population) and utilized nasopharyngeal swabs and RT-qPCR testing for detection. Contact tracing monitored exposure within cells. Out of 2108 samples, 66 positive cases were identified (3.13%), mostly asymptomatic (77.27%), with the majority aged 21–29 and varying vaccination statuses. Next-generation sequencing generated 28 whole genome sequences, identifying the Omicron variant (subtypes BA.2 and BA.5) with 99% average coverage. Additionally, the study seeks to determine the relationship between immunization levels and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 cases within this enclosed population. The findings underscore the necessity of comprehensive control strategies in prisons, including rigorous screening, isolation protocols, vaccination, epidemiological monitoring, and genomic surveillance to mitigate disease transmission and protect both the incarcerated population and the broader community.

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New insights on tuberculosis transmission dynamics and drug susceptibility profiles among the prison population in Southern Brazil based on whole-genome sequencing

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Advancing tuberculosis management: the role of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

Advancing tuberculosis management: the role of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine

Whole genome sequencing analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals circulating strain types and drug-resistance mutations in the Philippines

Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance among Prison Populations in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 2022

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