New Insights on Leucine-Rich Repeats Receptor-Like Kinase Orthologous Relationships in Angiosperms

Dufayard, Jean François; Bettembourg, Mathilde; Fischer, Iris; Droc, Gaëtan; Guiderdoni, Emmanuel; Chantret, Nathalie; Diévart, Anne

doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.00381

Cited by 57 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…In line with this, it is now emerging that receptors form heteromeric kinase complexes to induce immune signalling (Dufayard et al. , ; Fischer et al. , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Kinase activity of SOBIR1 and BAK1 is required for immune signalling

Burgh

Postma

Robatzek

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary Leucine‐rich repeat‐receptor‐like proteins (LRR‐RLPs) and LRR‐receptor‐like kinases (LRR‐RLKs) trigger immune signalling to promote plant resistance against pathogens. LRR‐RLPs lack an intracellular kinase domain, and several of these receptors have been shown to constitutively interact with the LRR‐RLK Suppressor of BIR1‐1/EVERSHED (SOBIR1/EVR) to form signalling‐competent receptor complexes. Ligand perception by LRR‐RLPs initiates recruitment of the co‐receptor BRI1‐Associated Kinase 1/Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase 3 (BAK1/SERK3) to the LRR‐RLP/SOBIR1 complex, thereby activating LRR‐RLP‐mediated immunity. We employed phosphorylation analysis of in planta ‐produced proteins, live cell imaging, gene silencing and co‐immunoprecipitation to investigate the roles of SOBIR1 and BAK1 in immune signalling. We show that Arabidopsis thaliana ( At ) SOBIR1, which constitutively activates immune responses when overexpressed in planta , is highly phosphorylated . Moreover, in addition to the kinase activity of SOBIR1 itself, kinase‐active BAK1 is essential for At SOBIR1‐induced constitutive immunity and for the phosphorylation of At SOBIR1. Furthermore, the defence response triggered by the tomato LRR‐RLP Cf‐4 on perception of Avr4 from the extracellular pathogenic fungus Cladosporium fulvum is dependent on kinase‐active BAK1. We argue that, in addition to the trans‐autophosphorylation of SOBIR1, it is likely that SOBIR1 and BAK1 transphosphorylate, and thereby activate the receptor complex. The signalling‐competent cell surface receptor complex subsequently activates downstream cytoplasmic signalling partners to initiate RLP‐mediated immunity.

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“…In line with this, it is now emerging that receptors form heteromeric kinase complexes to induce immune signalling (Dufayard et al. , ; Fischer et al. , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Kinase activity of SOBIR1 and BAK1 is required for immune signalling

Burgh

Postma

Robatzek

et al. 2019

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The NRC network is phylogenetically restricted to asterids and caryophyllales but missing in Arabidopsis and other rosid species (Wu et al, 2017). Therefore, our results may not be that surprising given that FLS2 belongs to an ancient receptor-like kinase subfamily XII that broadly occurs in angiosperms (Dufayard et al, 2017; Liu et al, 2017). In contrast, NRCs may be involved in Cf-4 and LeEIX mediated immunoresponses considering that these cell surface receptor-like proteins are phylogenetically restricted to some asterid clades (Kang and Yeom, 2018) and, unlike flg22, trigger hypersensitive cell death in plant tissues (Gabriels et al, 2007; Brendolise et al, 2017; Wu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 77%

A CRISPR/Cas9 mediated 53 kb deletion of the NRC4 gene cluster of tomato does not affect bacterial flagellin-triggered immunity

Adachi

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Plants utilise cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs) to fend off invading pathogens. Although PRR-and NLR-triggered immunity are generally thought to activate distinct pathways, they can induce similar outputs. However, whether these two pathways converge at some point to potentiate and strengthen the immune response remains unclear. For instance, the extent to which the tomato NLR helper NRC4 is implicated in response to the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 needs to be elucidated. One challenge is that the tomato NRC4 gene cluster consists of three paralogues and the related NRC5 gene. Here, we took advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate a tomato mutant with a 53 kb deletion that encompasses the four NRC genes. Although this mutant failed to respond to the NRC4-dependent NLR Rpi-blb2, it remained unaltered in flg22-induced responses. We conclude that the NRC4 genes are not essential for flg22-induced responses in tomato.

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“…The positive hits identified were narrowed down to two different groups of LRR-RKs (Figure 1A and S1B-E). These RKs belong to the LRR-VIII-2 RKs (At-RKF1, At-RKFL1, At-RKFL2) which have a distinct extracellular domain with LRR repeats followed by a malectin domain [32] and the LRR-II RKs (At-SERK1, At-SERK3/BAK1) which have smaller extracellular domains with LRR repeats [33]. The function of At-RKF1 [34] and its closely related paralogs (At-RKFL1, 2, 3) are unknown; however, the At-SERKs are a well-established group of co-receptors for multiple RK partners [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two groups of Arabidopsis receptor kinases preferentially regulate the growth of intraspecies pollen tubes in the female reproductive tract

Lee

Goring

2020

Preprint

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In flowering plants, continuous cell-cell communication between the compatible male pollen 15 grain/growing pollen tube and the female pistil is required for successful sexual reproduction. In 16Arabidopsis thaliana, the later stages of this dialogue are mediated by several peptide ligands 17 and receptor kinases that guide pollen tubes to the ovules for the release of sperm cells. Despite a 18 detailed understanding of these processes, a key gap remains on the nature of the regulators that 19 function at the earlier stages. Here, we report on two groups of A. thaliana receptor kinases, the 20 LRR-VIII-2 RK subclass and the SERKs, that function in the female reproductive tract to regulate 21 the compatible pollen grains and early pollen tube growth, both essential steps for the 22 downstream processes leading to fertilization. Multiple A. thaliana LRR-VIII-2 RK and SERK 23 knockout mutant combinations were created, and several phenotypes were observed such as 24 reduced wild-type pollen hydration and reduced pollen tube travel distances. As these mutant 25 pistils displayed a wild-type morphology, the observed altered responses of the wild-type pollen 26 are proposed to result from the loss of these receptor kinases leading to an impaired pollen-pistil 27 dialogue at these early stages. Furthermore, using pollen from related Brassicaceae species, we 28 also discovered that these receptor kinases are required in the female reproductive tract to 29 establish a reproductive barrier to interspecies pollen. Thus, we propose that the LRR-VIII-2 RKs 30 and the SERKs play a dual role in the preferential selection and promotion of intraspecies pollen 31 over interspecies pollen. 32 33 Key Words: Arabidopsis, receptor kinases, pollen, pistil, compatible intraspecies pollinations, 34 interspecies pollinations 35 is the identification of the key regulators that function in the earlier stages that take place in the 63 stigma/style immediately after pollination. Successful growth of pollen tubes through the A. 64 thaliana stigma/style is a prerequisite to these later stages as pollen tubes growing through the 65 stigma/style then acquire the competency to perceive ovular guidance cues [23]. So far, the only 66 4 putative early stage regulators that have been identified are the pollen-specific genes encoding 67 the Pollen Coat Protein-B (PCP-B) peptides which are required for pollen adhesion and 68 hydration [24]. 69Here, we report that members of two groups of RK genes, the LEUCINE RICH REPEAT (LRR)-70 VIII-2 RKs and the SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASES (SERKs), that are 71 required in the stigma and the female reproductive tract to promote compatible pollen grain 72 hydration and pollen tube growth and to establish a reproductive barrier against interspecies 73 pollen tube growth. The discovery of these RKs was enabled by employing an unconventional 74 approach of using an interspecies tissue-specific pseudokinase as a tool for discovery of 75 candidate RKs by using the assumption that pseudokinases typically associate ...

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New Insights on Leucine-Rich Repeats Receptor-Like Kinase Orthologous Relationships in Angiosperms

Cited by 57 publications

References 159 publications

Kinase activity of SOBIR1 and BAK1 is required for immune signalling

Kinase activity of SOBIR1 and BAK1 is required for immune signalling

A CRISPR/Cas9 mediated 53 kb deletion of the NRC4 gene cluster of tomato does not affect bacterial flagellin-triggered immunity

Two groups of Arabidopsis receptor kinases preferentially regulate the growth of intraspecies pollen tubes in the female reproductive tract

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