New insights on in vitro biotransformation of anticoagulant rodenticides in fish

Bioconcentration Assessment in Fish Based on In Vitro Intrinsic Clearance: Predictivity of an Empirical Model Compared to In Vitro–In Vivo Extrapolation Models

“…New CL IN VITRO,INT values in RT-S9 were determined for the remaining six fragrance chemicals (Table S4). Furthermore, five rodenticides (Table S4) were used as case studies with BCF and CL IN VITRO,INT in RT-S9 taken from the literature . The five rodenticides are ionizable chemicals (p K a ranging from 4.5–5.2).…”

“…2 Nevertheless, BCFs had been predicted using IVIVE models developed for neutral organic chemicals in the study by Regnery et al 37 and therefore we included these chemicals as case studies in particular due to their measured low or non-detectable biotransformation rates. Additional CL IN VITRO,INT values in RT-S9 were generated for three of these chemicals (warfarin, bromadiolone, difenacoum; Table S3) that were not significantly biotransformed in the study by Regnery et al 37 For the case studies, measured log K ow values ranged from 1.50−6.23 (Table 1). 35,36 the training set toward bioaccumulative chemicals were tested in RT-S9: 2,3-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB no.…”

“…Furthermore, five rodenticides (Table S4) were used as case studies with BCF and CL IN VITRO,INT in RT-S9 taken from the literature. 37 The five rodenticides are ionizable chemicals (pK a ranging from 4.5− 5.2). Since octanol (i.e., log K ow ) is a poor descriptor for the sorption of ionizable chemicals, alternative extrapolation models had been developed.…”