New Insights into the Structure of Glycols and Derivatives: A Comparative X-Ray Diffraction, Raman and Molecular Dynamics Study of Ethane-1,2-Diol, 2-Methoxyethan-1-ol and 1,2-Dimethoxy Ethane

Gontrani, Lorenzo; Tagliatesta, Pietro; Agresti, Antonio; Pescetelli, Sara; Carbone, Marilena

doi:10.3390/cryst10111011

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Metal and mixed metal and semiconductor oxides are widely applied in several fields, as supercapacitors [1][2][3], gas sensors based on chemoresistivity [4][5][6][7][8] or dielectric excitation [9,10], heterojunctions [11,12], energy storage in batteries [13][14][15], and electrochemistry [16][17][18]. Their properties can be varied in different ways, by doping [19,20], capping, and controlling the structure, shape, and size with bottom-up and top-down approaches [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The types of synthesis include sol-gel methods, hydrothermal synthesis, solvothermal synthesis, and electrospinning [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Their Structures

et al. 2021

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ZnO has many technological applications which largely depend on its properties, which can be tuned by controlled synthesis. Ideally, the most convenient ZnO synthesis is carried out at room temperature in an aqueous solvent. However, the correct temperature values are often loosely defined. In the current paper, we performed the synthesis of ZnO in an aqueous solvent by varying the reaction and drying temperatures by 10 °C steps, and we monitored the synthesis products primarily by XRD). We found out that a simple direct synthesis of ZnO, without additional surfactant, pumping, or freezing, required both a reaction (TP) and a drying (TD) temperature of 40 °C. Higher temperatures also afforded ZnO, but lowering any of the TP or TD below the threshold value resulted either in the achievement of Zn(OH)2 or a mixture of Zn(OH)2/ZnO. A more detailed Rietveld analysis of the ZnO samples revealed a density variation of about 4% (5.44 to 5.68 gcm−3) with the synthesis temperature, and an increase of the nanoparticles’ average size, which was also verified by SEM images. The average size of the ZnO synthesized at TP = TD = 40 °C was 42 nm, as estimated by XRD, and 53 ± 10 nm, as estimated by SEM. For higher synthesis temperatures, they vary between 76 nm and 71 nm (XRD estimate) or 65 ± 12 nm and 69 ± 11 nm (SEM estimate) for TP =50 °C, TD = 40 °C, or TP = TD = 60 °C, respectively. At TP = TD = 30 °C, micrometric structures aggregated in foils are obtained, which segregate nanoparticles of ZnO if TD is raised to 40 °C. The optical properties of ZnO obtained by UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy indicate a red shift of the band gap by ~0.1 eV.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Their Structures

et al. 2021

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“…This suggests that the GLY additive is not stable in 1 M KOH. Similarly, the peaks at around 1088, 1467, and 2890/2955 cm −1 assigned to C−OH symmetric stretching, CH 2 bending, and CH 2 symmetric/asymmetric stretching of EG, respectively, [12] appear obviously in Raman spectrum of the 0.55 EG solution, while almost disappear in Raman spectrum of the 0.55 EG/1 M KOH solution. This implies that the EG additive is also unstable in 1 M KOH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Alkaline Tolerant Antifreezing Additive Enabling Aqueous Zn||Ni Battery Operating at −60 °C

et al. 2022

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Alkaline aqueous batteries such as the Zn||Ni batteries have attracted substantial interests due to their merits of high energy density, high safety and low cost. However, the freeze of aqueous electrolyte and the poor cycling stability in alkaline condition have hindered their operation in subzero conditions. Herein, we construct a stable aqueous electrolyte with lowest freezing point down to −90 °C by adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as alkaline tolerant antifreezing additive into 1 M KOH solution. Meanwhile, we find the DMSO can also retard Zn anode corrosion and prevent Zn dendrite formation in alkaline condition, which enables the Zn plating/stripping over 700 h cycle at 1 mA cm−2 and 0.5 mAh cm−2. The fabricated Zn||Ni battery can endure low working temperature even down to −60 °C and its dischage capacity retains 84.1 % at −40 °C, 60.6 % at −60 °C at 0.5 C. Meanwhile, it can maintain 600 cycles with a specific capacity retention of 86.5 % at −40 °C at 2 C.

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“…Metal and mixed metal and semiconductor oxides are widely applied in several fields, as supercapacitors [1,2,3], gas sensors based on chemoresistivity [4,5,6,7,8], or by using dielectric excitation [9,10], heterojunctions [11,12], energy storage as in batteries [13][14][15], and electrochemistry [16][17][18]. Their properties can be varied in different ways, by doping [19], capping, and controlling structure, shape and size, with bottom-up and top-down approaches [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Types of synthesis include sol-gel methods, hydrothermal synthesis, solvothermal synthesis, electrospinning [ 28 -34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Its Structure

Donia¹,

Bauer²,

Missori³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ZnO has many technological applications which largely depend on its properties that can be tuned by controlled synthesis. Ideally, the most convenient ZnO synthesis is carried out at room temperature in aqueous solvent. However, the correct temperature values are often loosely defined. In the current paper we performed synthesis of ZnO in aqueous solvent, by varying reaction and drying temperature by 10°C steps and monitored the synthesis products primarily by XRD. We found out that a simple direct synthesis of ZnO, without additional surfactant, pumping of freezing, required both a reaction (TP) and a drying (TD) temperature of 40°C. Higher temperatures also afford ZnO, but lowering any of the TP or TD below the threshold value results either in the achievement of Zn(OH)2 or in a mixture of Zn(OH)2/ZnO. A more detailed Rietveld analysis of the ZnO samples reveals a density variation with the synthesis temperature and an increase of the nanoparticles average size also verified by SEM images. The optical properties of ZnO obtained by UV-Vis reflectance spectroscopy indicate a red shift of the band gap by ~0.1 eV.

show abstract

New Insights into the Structure of Glycols and Derivatives: A Comparative X-Ray Diffraction, Raman and Molecular Dynamics Study of Ethane-1,2-Diol, 2-Methoxyethan-1-ol and 1,2-Dimethoxy Ethane

Cited by 6 publications

References 55 publications

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Their Structures

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Their Structures

Alkaline Tolerant Antifreezing Additive Enabling Aqueous Zn||Ni Battery Operating at −60 °C

Room Temperature Syntheses of ZnO and Its Structure

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