New Insights into the Biological Activity of Lichens: Bioavailable Secondary Metabolites of Umbilicaria decussata as Potential Anticoagulants

Abstract

This study reports the in vitro anticoagulation activity of acetonic extract (AE) of 42 lichen species and the identification of potential bioavailable anticoagulant compounds from Umbilicaria decussata as a competent anticoagulant lichen species. Lichens’ AEs were evaluated for their anticoagulant activity by monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) assays. A strong, positive correlation was observed between total phenolics concentration (TPC) of species and blood coagulation parameters. U. decussata was the only species with the longest clotting time in both APTT and PT assays. The research was moved forward by performing in vivo assays using rats. The results corroborated the dose‐dependent impact of U. decussata’s AE on rats’ clotting time. Major secondary metabolites of U. decussata and their plasma‐related bioavailability were also investigated using LC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Atranol, orsellinic acid, D‐mannitol, lecanoric acid, and evernic acid were detected as possible bioavailable anticoagulants of U. decussata. Our findings suggest that U. decussata might be a potential anticoagulant lichen species that can be used for the prevention or treatment of coagulation‐related issues such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Formation of Umbilicaria decussata (Antarctic and Turkey) Extracts Based Nanoflowers with Their Peroxidase Mimic, Dye Degradation and Antimicrobial Properties

“…While morphologies of NF1 and NF2 have layer by layer structure and are quite similar each other (Figure 1A and 1B), morphology of the NF3 has blooming structure (Figure 1C) similar to Figure 1A and 1B and NF4 has quite compact and close packed structure (Figure 1D). U. decussate extract mostly contains depside type molecules (depsidone, tridepsides, and tetradepsides), which are types of polyphenolic compounds [32] . We claim that the major compounds in U. decussate species involved in formation of the NF1, NF2 and NF3 are quite similar however, they are mostly different in the NF4.…”

“…U. decussate extract mostly contains depside type molecules (depsidone, tridepsides, and tetradepsides), which are types of polyphenolic compounds. [32] We claim that the major compounds in U. decussate species involved in formation of the NF1, NF2 and NF3 are quite similar however, they are mostly different in the NF4.…”

Beyond Soil-Dwelling Actinobacteria: Fantastic Antibiotics and Where to Find Them

“…On the other hand, there are a set of metabolites highly specific and prevalent in lichens, such as the families of phenolic compounds depsides (such as the molecule atranorin), depsidones, dibenzofurans and pulvinic acid derivatives [ 299 , 307 ]. Several representatives of these families exhibit multiple biological properties, including antioxidant, antibiotic, antiproliferative or even anticoagulant activity [ 307 , 308 , 309 ] and have only been reported in lichens or in some plants, as the product of endophytic fungi [ 310 ]. The best-known dibenzofuran is usnic acid, a bitter yellow pigment present in multiple lichens and thought to primarily offer photoprotection and defence against predators, but with many other reported biological activities [ 311 ].…”