New Insights into Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Gallo, Giovanna; Savoia, Carmine

doi:10.3390/ijms25052973

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by impaired vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and enhanced pro-thrombotic properties [ 23 ]. Cafestol has emerged as a promising modulator of endothelial function, with studies demonstrating its ability to improve vascular health and integrity.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Cafestol and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Hao,

Cheng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Cafestol, a bioactive compound found in coffee, has attracted considerable attention due to its potential impact on cardiovascular health. This review aims to comprehensively explore the association between cafestol and cardiovascular diseases. We delve into the mechanisms through which cafestol influences lipid metabolism, inflammation, and endothelial function, all of which are pivotal in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Moreover, we meticulously analyze epidemiological studies and clinical trials to elucidate the relationship between cafestol and cardiovascular outcomes. Through a critical examination of existing literature, we aim to provide insights into the potential benefits and risks associated with cafestol concerning cardiovascular health.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Cafestol and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Hao,

Cheng,

Chen

et al. 2024

Medicina

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“…[ 38 , 39 ]. In addition, shear stress due to hypertension is associated with the activation of different biological pathways, such as PKC epsilon, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), MAP kinase, and p53, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque progression and a further worsening of endothelial function [ 40 , 41 , 42 ], contributing to the progression to HFrEF ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Hypertension and Heart Failure Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Treatment

Gallo,

Savoia

2024

IJMS

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Hypertension represents one of the primary and most common risk factors leading to the development of heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction. A large body of evidence has demonstrated that adequate blood pressure (BP) control can reduce cardiovascular events, including the development of HF. Although the pathophysiological and epidemiological role of hypertension in the development of HF is well and largely known, some critical issues still deserve to be clarified, including BP targets, particularly in HF patients. Indeed, the management of hypertension in HF relies on the extrapolation of findings from high-risk hypertensive patients in the general population and not from specifically designed studies in HF populations. In patients with hypertension and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), it is recommended to combine drugs with documented outcome benefits and BP-lowering effects. In patients with HF with preserved EF (HFpEF), a therapeutic strategy with all major antihypertensive drug classes is recommended. Besides commonly used antihypertensive drugs, different evidence suggests that other drugs recommended in HF for the beneficial effect on cardiovascular outcomes exert advantageous blood pressure-lowering actions. In this regard, type 2 sodium glucose transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been shown to induce BP-lowering actions that favorably affect cardiac afterload, ventricular arterial coupling, cardiac efficiency, and cardiac reverse remodeling. More recently, it has been demonstrated that finerenone, a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduces new-onset HF and improves other HF outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes, irrespective of a history of HF. Other proposed agents, such as endothelin receptor antagonists, have provided contrasting results in the management of hypertension and HF. A novel, promising strategy could be represented by small interfering RNA, whose actions are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials.

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“…The activation of the endothelin (ET) system is closely linked to various pathological conditions, encompassing a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, like essential hypertension, atherosclerosis, arterial restenosis, heart failure, coronary vasospasm, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary hypertension [ 10 ]. Endothelin was first described by Yanagisawa in 1988 and is known for its potent vasoconstrictor properties [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, Bosentan, in Combination with Atorvastatin—An Experimental Study

Stasinopoulou,

Kostomitsopoulos,

Kadoglou

2024

IJMS

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Bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA), has potential anti-atherosclerotic properties. We investigated the complementary effects of bosentan and atorvastatin on the progression and composition of the atherosclerotic lesions in diabetic mice. Forty-eight male ApoE−/− mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. At week 8, diabetes was induced with streptozotocin, and mice were randomized into four groups: (1) control/COG: no intervention; (2) ΒOG: bosentan 100 mg/kg/day per os; (3) ATG: atorvastatin 20 mg/kg/day per os; and (4) BO + ATG: combined administration of bosentan and atorvastatin. The intra-plaque contents of collagen, elastin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, -3, -9), and TIMP-1 were determined. The percentage of lumen stenosis was significantly lower across all treated groups: BOG: 19.5 ± 2.2%, ATG: 12.8 ± 4.8%, and BO + ATG: 9.1 ± 2.7% compared to controls (24.6 ± 4.8%, p < 0.001). The administration of both atorvastatin and bosentan resulted in significantly higher collagen content and thicker fibrous cap versus COG (p < 0.01). All intervention groups showed lower relative intra-plaque concentrations of MCP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and a higher TIMP-1concentration compared to COG (p < 0.001). Importantly, latter parameters presented lower levels when bosentan was combined with atorvastatin compared to COG (p < 0.05). Bosentan treatment in diabetic, atherosclerotic ApoE−/− mice delayed the atherosclerosis progression and enhanced plaques’ stability, showing modest but additive effects with atorvastatin, which are promising in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

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New Insights into Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiometabolic Diseases: Potential Mechanisms and Clinical Implications

Cited by 7 publications

References 97 publications

The Association between Cafestol and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

The Association between Cafestol and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Hypertension and Heart Failure: From Pathophysiology to Treatment

The Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of Endothelin Receptor Antagonist, Bosentan, in Combination with Atorvastatin—An Experimental Study

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