New Insights in Polymer-Biofuels Interaction

Abstract

> Development of Reactive Barrier Polymers against Corrosion for the Oil and Gas Industry: From Formulation to Qualification through the Development of Predictive Multiphysics ModelingDéveloppement de matériaux barrières réactifs contre la corrosion pour l'industrie pétrolière : de la formulation à la qualification industrielle en passant par le développement de modèles multiphysiques prédictifs Re´sume´-Avance´es dans la compre´hension des interactions polyme`res-biocarburants -Cet article traite des interactions polyme`res-biocarburants et en particulier des effets des biocarburants sur le polye´thyle`ne (PE) employe´pour des applications automobiles. L'objectif est de de´velopper un mode`le pre´dictif pour la dure´e de vie des re´servoirs en polye´thyle`ne vieillissant au contact de carburants contenant de l'e´thanol ou du biodiesel. La principale conse´quence d'un vieillissement au contact d'e´thanol est la diminution de la vitesse d'extraction des antioxydants du PE. La vitesse d'extraction obe´it a`une loi du premier ordre et sa constante de vitesse obe´it a`la loi d'Arrhenius. L'interaction entre le PE et les biodiesels a e´te´e´tudie´e au travers de syste`mes re´els (me´thyl ester de soja et de colza) compare´s a`deux syste`mes mode`les (me´thyl ole´ate et me´thyl linole´ate). Il en est principalement ressorti que l'interaction entre biodiesel et polye´thyle`ne se de´composait en deux parties : une premie`re lie´e au vieillissement physique duˆal a pe´ne´tration du biodiesel dans le PE et l'autre a`un vieillissement chimique au cours duquel polye´thyle`ne et biodiesel s'oxydaient simultane´ment. L'e´tude du transport des me´thyl esters dans le PE a re´ve´le´que la cine´tique de diffusion ne de´pendait que de la tempe´rature et de la masse molaire du carburant. L'e´tude de l'interaction chimique a mis en e´vidence que les me´thyl esters s'oxydent plus rapidement que le PE et contribuent a`acce´le´rer son oxydation. Un premier mode`le de co-oxydation a e´te´propose´pour rendre compte de ce phe´nome`ne.Abstract -New Insights in Polymer-Biofuels Interaction -This paper deals with polymer-fuel interaction focusing on specific effects of biofuels on polyethylene (PE) in automotive applications. The practical objective is to develop a predictable approach for durability of polyethylene tanks in contact of ethanol based or biofuel based fuels. In the case of ethanol, the main consequence on PE durability is a reduction of the rate of stabilizer extraction; this latter phenomenon can be modeled by first order kinetics with a rate constant that obeys the Arrhenius equation. Concerning biodiesels, the study was focused on soy and rapeseed methyl ester which were compared to methyl oleate and methyl linoleate used as model compounds. Here, PE-fuel interactions can be described as well as physical interaction, linked to the oil penetration into the polymer, as chemical interaction linked to an eventual co-oxidation of PE and oil. Both aspects were investigated. Concerning biofuel transport in PE, it appeared that the...

Ageing properties and polymer/fuel interactions of polyamide 12 exposed to (bio)diesel at high temperature

“…8 Switching from petroleum diesel to biodiesel changes the "chemical" environment of plastic components and the effect of the fuel on the plastic component will be consequently different. 9 Regardless of feedstock, biodiesel consists of fatty acid methyl esters, 3 the average carbon number being ca. 18 (varying with the type of feedstock), whereas petroleum diesel is made up of hydrocarbons with an average carbon number of 12.…”

Fatigue of swollen elastomers

“…This interaction explains that the greater swelling rate in B100 than in B0 could be due to the existence of polarity groups in both NBR and the B100 solvent. Richaud et al (2013) claimed that the chemical processes are oxidative ones and they can occur through polymer oxidation. Polymer oxidation can be initiated when stabilizer additives are extracted during exposure to solvents, especially for B100.…”

“…Polymer oxidation can be initiated when stabilizer additives are extracted during exposure to solvents, especially for B100. Indeed, the immersion of rubbers in solvents risks the extraction of fillers or additives (Richaud et al, 2013;Seehra et al, 2012;Graham et al, 2006;Trakarnpruk and Porntangjitlikit, 2008). The oxidation process eventually induces chain scission and decreases the polymer resistance to failure (Richaud et al, 2013).…”

“…Indeed, the immersion of rubbers in solvents risks the extraction of fillers or additives (Richaud et al, 2013;Seehra et al, 2012;Graham et al, 2006;Trakarnpruk and Porntangjitlikit, 2008). The oxidation process eventually induces chain scission and decreases the polymer resistance to failure (Richaud et al, 2013). Haseeb et al (2010) also described that the diffusion of the biodiesel into the NBR attacks the polymer backbone through macromolecule chain scission.…”

Inelastic Responses of Swollen Nitrile Rubber Under Cyclic Loading

“…The change of T g observed in swollen B100 rubber can be explained by the physical and chemical changes experienced due to the diffusion of solvent. 38 Immersion of rubber in B100 solvent allows plasticizer extraction to occur physically and chemically. [38][39][40] Once the extraction occurs, these empty sites are replaced by the absorbed aromatic component of the fuel diffused into the rubber.…”