New Insight on Biological Interaction Analysis: New Nanocrystalline Mixed Metal Oxide SPME Fiber for GC-FID Analysis of BTEX and Its Application in Human Hemoglobin-Benzene Interaction Studies

Abstract

Nanocrystalline mixed metal oxides (MMO) of various metal cations were synthesized and were used for coating a piece of copper wire as a new high sensitive solid phase micro extraction (SPME) fiber in extraction and determination of BTEX compounds from the headspace of aqueous samples prior to GC-FID analysis. Under optimum extraction conditions, the proposed fiber exhibited low detection limits, and quantification limits, good reproducibility, simple and fast preparation method, high fiber capacity and high thermal and mechanical durability. These are some of the most important advantages of the new fiber. The proposed fiber was used for human hemoglobin upon interaction with benzene. Binding isotherm, Scatchard and Klotz logarithmic plots were constructed using HS-SPME-GC data, accurately. The obtained binding isotherm analyzed using Hill method. The Hill parameters have been obtained by calculating saturation parameter from the ratio of measured chromatographic peak areas in the presence and absence of hemoglobin. In this interaction, Hill coefficient and Hill constant determined as (nH = 6.14 and log KH = 6.47) respectively. These results reveal the cooperativity of hemoglobin upon interaction with benzene.

Human hemoglobin structural and functional alterations and heme degradation upon interaction with benzene: A spectroscopic study

“…Very limited and few studies are available on BTEX effects on proteins, particularly hemoglobin [22,23], and there are no reports regarding structural effects, stability, heme destruction effects, and heme degradation species produced in interaction of benzene with hemoglobin. In this study, we used spectrophotometric techniques focusing on the effects of benzene on structure, stability, function, aggregation and also effects on heme destruction and hemolysis of red blood cells (RBCs).…”

Quinoline Bridging Hyperconjugated Covalent Organic Framework as Solid-Phase Microextraction Coating for Ultrasensitive Determination of Phthalate Esters in Water Samples

“…Among those methods, SPME proposed by Pawliszyn et al is a sample pretreatment approach that integrates sampling, extraction, pre-enrichment, and injection into one step, which has the advantages of high efficiency, simple operation, solvent-free consumption, and reusability. − Up to now, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been widely employed for sample pretreatment in a variety of disciplines, including environmental, food, medicinal, and biological samples, due to its sensitivity and simplicity of quantification. − For all of the SPME applications, the SPME efficiency is critically dependent on the selection of an appropriate coating . Consequently, many different kinds of materials have been used as SPME coatings, including ionic liquids, , metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, , graphene, metal–organic frameworks, , porous organic frameworks, , and molecularly imprinted polymers …”