New insight into the impact of biochar during vermi-stabilization of divergent biowastes: Literature synthesis and research pursuits

Khan, Muhammad Bilal; Cui, Xiaoqiang; Jilani, Ghulam; Tang, Lin; Lü, Min; Cao, Xingqi; Sahito, Zulfiqar Ali; Hamid, Yasir; Hussain, Bilal; Yang, Xiaoe; He, Zhenli

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124679

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Previous studies have documented the efficacy of biochar addition in the composting of numerous farm by‐products and residues. Among the various functions of biochar during composting is helping to increase carbon dioxide respiration rate , reduction of ammonia emission and nitrogen loss reduction in mature composts , influences microbial community structures and activities , enhances faster decomposition of organic matter (OM) , increases temperature and reduces the time of composting , and also to improve the quality of biochar‐blended composts, including chemical composition, water holding capacity, and nutrient retention . However, there is little information about the impact of biochar on OM degradation and nitrogen loss during the composting of cattle manure and maize straw.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Bello

Deng

Sheng

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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In this study, nutrient loss, the direct and indirect relationship between period, compost types, temperature, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 −-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 +-N), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were investigated during composting of cattle manure-maize straw mixture. This study findings revealed that biochar addition lowered NH 4 +-N but did not increase NO 3 −-N concentrations unlike no biochar piles during composting. The first-order kinetic models showed that biochar accelerated organic matter (OM) degradation and improved nitrogen mineralization, consequently reducing TN losses by 13.6% and OM losses by 12.66%. Transformation ratio of MBC/MBN, coupled with other chemical components of the entire microbial community, suggested a shift in the microbial succession and diversity during composting from the dominant bacteria and actinomycetes to fungi. The structural equation model and path coefficient revealed temperature to be the main factor mediating the evolution of MBC and MBN in composting. The physicochemical variables, phytotoxicity, and final product quality revealed that biochar incorporation to the composting feedstock is an ideal material for mitigating problems of TN and OM losses in composting and ultimately enhancing the fertility potential of the final compost product.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Bello

Deng

Sheng

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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“…Therefore, it would be interesting to investigate additions of biochar larger than 5%, particularly for its role for retaining nutrients and pharmaceuticals. However, larger amounts of biochar can result in alkaline pH, especially when composting organics with high initial pH, and thus inhibit composting through negative effects on the microorganisms (Khan et al 2020 ). Different feedstocks, process conditions and amounts of biochar will give different results (Wu et al 2017 ; Khan et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-scale on-site treatment of fecal matter: comparison of treatments for resource recovery and sanitization

Kelova

Ali

Eich‐Greatorex

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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On-site small-scale sanitation is common in rural areas and areas without infrastructure, but the treatment of the collected fecal matter can be inefficient and is seldom directed to resource recovery. The aim of this study was to compare low-technology solutions such as composting and lactic acid fermentation (LAF) followed by vermicomposting in terms of treatment efficiency, potential human and environmental risks, and stabilization of the material for reuse in agriculture. A specific and novel focus of the study was the fate of native pharmaceutical compounds in the fecal matter. Composting, with and without the addition of biochar, was monitored by temperature and CO2 production and compared with LAF. All treatments were run at three different ambient temperatures (7, 20, and 38°C) and followed by vermicomposting at room temperature. Materials resulting from composting and LAF were analyzed for fecal indicators, physicochemical characteristics, and residues of ten commonly used pharmaceuticals and compared to the initial substrate. Vermicomposting was used as secondary treatment and assessed by enumeration of Escherichia coli, worm density, and physicochemical characteristics. Composting at 38°C induced the highest microbial activity and resulted in better stability of the treated material, higher N content, lower numbers of fecal indicators, and less pharmaceutical compounds as compared to LAF. Even though analysis of pH after LAF suggested incomplete fermentation, E. coli cell numbers were significantly lower in all LAF treatments compared to composting at 7°C, and some of the anionic pharmaceutical compounds were detected in lower concentrations. The addition of approximately 5 vol % biochar to the composting did not yield significant differences in measured parameters. Vermicomposting further stabilized the material, and the treatments previously composted at 7°C and 20°C had the highest worm density. These results suggest that in small-scale decentralized sanitary facilities, the ambient temperatures can significantly influence the treatment and the options for safe reuse of the material.

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“…These data were processed by Equations ( 15)- (18) and relationships (19) and (20). To describe the dependence of the solute amount on its equilibrium concentration, Freundlich adsorption isotherm was used (21).…”

Section: Batch Sorption Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is particularly advantageous for large sample volumes circulating through a column packed with these kinds of materials [ 1 , 20 ]. Additionally, application of engineered biochar as a low cost and more environmentally friendly method in environmental applications compared to conventional technologies [such as precipitation, filtration or coagulation represent a future step firstly, in assessment and recycling of waste materials in 21st century, secondly for technetium separation application [ 2 , 3 , 17 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Complexation Models of Pertechnetate on Biochar/Montmorillonite Composite—Batch and Dynamic Sorption Study

et al. 2020

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The study summarizes the results of monitoring the properties of two types of sorbents, BC1 (biochar sample 1) and BC2a (biochar sample 2), prepared by pyrolysis of bamboo biomass (BC1) and as its composite with montmorillonite K10 (BC2a). The main goal was to study their applicability to the Tc (VII) separation from liquid wastes, using NH4ReO4 as a carrier. The research was focused on determining the sorbents surface properties (by XRF (X-ray fluorescence) method and potentiometric titration in order to determine the properties of surface groups—Chemical Equilibrium Model (CEM) and Ion Exchange Model (IExM) models were applied here). As well as monitoring Tc (VII) (+Re(VII)) sorption, especially to determine equilibrium isotherm, the influence of pH and kinetics. The subject of research was also the dynamics of sorption, including its mathematical–physical modeling. Both sorbents have good properties against Tc (VII), however BC2a, due to the presence of montmorillonite, is more advantageous in this respect. It has a higher sorption capacity and faster kinetic investigation. An important finding is that the optimal pH is 2–3, which is related not only to the protonation of surface groups (they have a positive charge), but also to the negative form of the existence of Tc (VII) and Re (VII): TcO4− and ReO4−.

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New insight into the impact of biochar during vermi-stabilization of divergent biowastes: Literature synthesis and research pursuits

Cited by 43 publications

References 74 publications

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Biochar reduces nutrient loss and improves microbial biomass of composted cattle manure and maize straw

Small-scale on-site treatment of fecal matter: comparison of treatments for resource recovery and sanitization

Surface Complexation Models of Pertechnetate on Biochar/Montmorillonite Composite—Batch and Dynamic Sorption Study

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