New insight into the environmental impact of two imidazolium ionic liquids. Effects on seed germination and soil microbial activity

Effects of Three Ionic Liquids on Microbial Activity of an Organic Soil. Microcalorimetric Study

“…The results indicate that the effect of the three ILs on this soil is very different. Firstly, [BMIM][BF4] provokes a delay in the growth phase for intermediate concentrations and the highest dose yields an intense and short peak compatible with a remarkable stress, with the corresponding increase in the heat released, and subsequent death of the microorganism [4]. The ILs [MMIM][DMP] and [Chol][DHP] do not lead to any total inhibition of the microbial growth, and even a stimulation of microbial activity is observed with respect to all the concentrations for both ILs (Figure 1).…”

“…In this work, a descriptive view about the effect of three ionic liquids, two based imidazolium, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate ([MMIM][DMP] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) and choline dihydrogen phosphate ([Chol][DHP]) on the microbial activity of an acidic, organic soil using an isothermal microcalorimeter TAM III of TA Instruments [4], is reported. Calorimetry is an important tool that allows the monitoring of soil microbial activity during long periods of time without disturbing the system, giving qualitative and quantitative indicators that can inform about the soil status [5].…”

Environmental properties of phosphonium, imidazolium and ammonium cation-based ionic liquids as potential lubricant additives

“…Although these compounds have long been thought of as "green solvents" [9], there is an urgent necessity to explore and identify their effect on living beings in order to avoid negative consequences after unintentional exposure [10]. Research papers dealing with the environmental impact of ILs have become more numerous recently, although our understanding of the biodegradability and toxicity for ecosystems of most ILs is still limited [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Nowadays, the environmental legislation of the EU is mainly focused on the safety of chemicals, an objective that clearly requires ecotoxicological and biodegradation data [20].…”

Ecotoxicity of EAN and Doped EAN Ionic Liquids

“…Due to their ionic character, almost all ILs are soluble in water [2], which can represent an environmental problem. Different studies showed that ILs present some toxicity [3,4], withtheir environmental impact strongly dependent on the cation and anion used to synthesized them [5,6]. Under of the REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) regulation [7], an accurate knowledge on the toxicity of a substance is required before their application and/or commercialization.…”