New insight into the antigenotoxic activity of Gentiana lutea extracts – Protective effect against food borne mutagens

Cvetković, Stefana; Nastasijević, Branislav; Mitić-Ćulafić, Dragana; Đukanović, Stefana; Tenji, Dina; Knežević-Vukčević, Jelena; Nikolić, Biljana

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503251

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Cytotoxicity of EO and EM was performed using a colorimetric method MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Sigma Aldrich, Heidelberg, Germany, Cas 298-93-1) assay, as previously described by Cvetković et al (2020) . For the purposes of this experiment MRC-5 cell line was trypsinised with 0.1% trypsin solution and seeded in 96 well plate with 2 × 10 4 cell/well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion as efficient antibiofilm agents to combat Acinetobacter baumannii

et al. 2022

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Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging nosocomial pathogen resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, with great potential to form a biofilm, which further aggravates treatment of infections caused by it. Therefore, searching for new potent agents that are efficient against A. baumannii seems to be a necessity. One of them, which has already been proven to possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial effect, is cinnamon essential oil. Still, further increase of antibacterial efficacy and improvement of bioavailability of cinnamon oil is possible by emulsification process. The aim of this study was comparative analysis of cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion against biofilm forming A. baumannii clinical isolates. Furthermore, the investigation of toxicological aspects of possible applications of essential oil and emulsion was done as well. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of essential oil indicated trans-cinnamaldehyde as the most abundant component. The cinnamon emulsion was synthesized from cinnamon essential oil by combining modified low- and high- energy methods. Synthesized emulsion was characterized with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. Both substances exhibited significant antibacterial (minimal inhibitory concentrations in the range 0.125–0.5 mg/ml) and antibiofilm effects (inhibitions of formation and reduction of pre-formed biofilm were 47–81 and 30–62%, respectively). Compared to essential oil, the efficacy of emulsion was even stronger considering the small share of pure oil (20%) in the emulsion. The result of biofilm eradication assay was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Even though the cytotoxicity was high especially for the emulsion, genotoxicity was not determined. In conclusion, strong antibacterial/antibiofilm effect against A. baumannii of the cinnamon essential oil and the fact that emulsification even potentiated the activity, seems to be of great significance. Observed cytotoxicity implicated that further analysis is needed in order to clearly determine active principles being responsible for obtained antibacterial/antibiofilm and cytotoxic properties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion as efficient antibiofilm agents to combat Acinetobacter baumannii

et al. 2022

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“…Two studies addressed the in vitro genotoxicity of gentiopicroside. The first study was aimed at investigating the antigenotoxic potential of G. lutea extracts and of the component gentiopicroside (Cvetković et al, 2020b). The results of the alkaline comet assay showed that gentiopicroside induced DNA damage at the highest concentration tested (50 μg/mL).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The papers retrieved on the extracts of G. lutea reported in vitro studies with the Comet assay (Djukanovic et al, 2019; Valenta Šobot et al, 2020; Cvetković et al, 2020a,b, 2022).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of a feed additive consisting of a tincture derived from the roots of Gentiana lutea L. (gentian tincture) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Bampidis¹,

Azimonti²,

Bastos³

et al. 2023

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety of a tincture derived from Gentiana lutea L. (gentian tincture). It is intended to be used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The product is a water/ethanol solution, with a dry matter content of approximately 4.3% and it contains on average 0.0836% polyphenols (of which 0.0463% are flavonoids and 0.0027% xanthones) and 0.0022% gentiopicroside. The additive is intended for use in complete feed or drinking water up to a maximum level of 50 mg tincture/kg for all animal species, except horses, for which the proposed use is 200 mg/kg in complete feed. In a previous assessment, due to the genotoxic potential identified in vitro for xanthones (gentisin and isogentisin) and gentiopicroside the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) could not conclude on the safety of the additive for long-living animals and on risks of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity for dermal exposure of unprotected users. The additive did not raise safety concern for short-living animals, consumers and the environment. The applicant has provided information in the form of literature to address the previously identified genotoxic activity of xanthones and gentiopicroside and the risk for the user. Considering that the literature identified provided no new evidence, the FEEDAP Panel reiterated that it is not in a position to conclude on the safety of the additive for long-living and reproductive animals. No conclusions could be drawn on the potential of the additive to be a dermal/eye irritant or a skin sensitiser. When handling the tincture, exposure of unprotected users to xanthones (gentisin and isogentisin) and gentiopicroside cannot be excluded. Therefore, to reduce the risk, the exposure of the users should be minimised.

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“…2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay, performed as previously explained [25], was used to evaluate radical-scavenging activity. On the other hand, thiobarbituric acid assay (TBA) assay, performed with commercial preparation of liposomes (l-α-phosphatidylcholine) and previously described by Vasilijević et al [26], was used to measure the extent of lipid peroxidation (LP).…”

Section: Antioxidant Activity 22-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate Free Radical Scavenging Assay and Thiobarbituric Acid Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cymbopogon Citratus Essential Oil: An Active Principle of Nanoemulsion Against Enterococcus Faecalis Root Canal Biofilm

et al. 2021

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Aim: The objective was to formulate and characterize the nanoemulsion based on Cymbopogon citratus oil, intended for use in teeth infected root canal therapy. The investigation of the antioxidant and antibiofilm potential toward Enterococcus faecalis was aimed as well. Materials & methods: Characterization of oil (by GC/MS analysis) and nanoemulsion (by dynamic light scattering instrument), and determination of antibacterial (by microdilution assay), antibiofilm (by crystal violet assay) and antioxidant properties (by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate and thiobarbituric acid assay methods) were provided. Antibiofilm efficacy of irrigation procedure including nanoemulsion was screened on extracted teeth (by CFU counting assay). Results: Notable antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, both against forming and preformed biofilms of oil, was observed. Irrigation involved nanoemulsion showed remarkable antibiofilm potential. Both substances induced some antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Results encourage further research with the aim of application of the nanoemulsion in dental practice.

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New insight into the antigenotoxic activity of Gentiana lutea extracts – Protective effect against food borne mutagens

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion as efficient antibiofilm agents to combat Acinetobacter baumannii

Cinnamon essential oil and its emulsion as efficient antibiofilm agents to combat Acinetobacter baumannii

Safety of a feed additive consisting of a tincture derived from the roots of Gentiana lutea L. (gentian tincture) for all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Cymbopogon Citratus Essential Oil: An Active Principle of Nanoemulsion Against Enterococcus Faecalis Root Canal Biofilm

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