New indices and calibrations derived from the distribution of crenarchaeal isoprenoid tetraether lipids: Implications for past sea surface temperature reconstructions

Kim, Jung-Hyun; Meer, Jaap van der; Schouten, Stefan; Helmke, Peer; Willmott, Verónica; Sangiorgi, Francesca; Koç, N.; Hopmans, Ellen C.; Damsté, Jaap S. Sinninghe

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.05.027

Cited by 623 publications

(960 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Liu et al (2009) proposed to use a non-linear inverse function for TEX86: the 1/TEX86 ratio. This was later recalibrated by Kim et al (2010), based on an extensive global core-top dataset. Kim et al (2010) Kim et al (2010) to recommend the use of this calibration for greenhouse worlds with SST >15 °C, whilst it is also correlated to a higher degree with SST than 1/TEX86.…”

Section: Gdgt Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was later recalibrated by Kim et al (2010), based on an extensive global core-top dataset. Kim et al (2010) Kim et al (2010) to recommend the use of this calibration for greenhouse worlds with SST >15 °C, whilst it is also correlated to a higher degree with SST than 1/TEX86. Therefore, TEX 86 H seems to be the most appropriate proxy to reconstruct temperature in this study.…”

Section: Gdgt Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Warming and environmental changes in the eastern North Sea Basin during the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum as revealed by biomarker lipids

Schoon

Heilmann‐Clausen

Schultz³

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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Section: Gdgt Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gdgt Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming and environmental changes in the eastern North Sea Basin during the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum as revealed by biomarker lipids

Schoon

Heilmann‐Clausen

Schultz³

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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“…TEX 86 values and the corresponding SST estimates were calculated according to the TEX H 86 calibration of Kim et al (2010) and typically show a standard deviation < 0.02 TEX 86 . CBT and MBT values, and derived temperature values, were determined according to Weijers et al (2007).…”

Section: Hplc-apci-ms and Hplc-esi-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEX 86 from marine suspended matter and surface sediments has shown to be strongly related to sea surface temperature (Schouten et al, 2002;Wuchter et al, 2005;Wuchter et al, 2006a). TEX 86 has been calibrated globally in order to enable quantification of past sea surface temperature (SST; Kim et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2010). In living archaea, iGDGTs occur with polar head groups, such as hexoses and phosphate groups, bound to the hydroxyl group at the sn-3 position of the glycerol moiety by glycosidic or ester bonds, respectively ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential degradation of intact polar and core glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids upon post-depositional oxidation

Lengger

Kraaij

Tjallingii

et al. 2013

Organic Geochemistry

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Archaeal and bacterial glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs) are used in various proxies, such as TEX 86 and the BIT index. In living cells, GDGTs contain polar head groups (intact polar lipids -IPLs). IPL GDGTs have also been detected in ancient marine sediments and it is unclear whether or not they are fossil entities or are part of living cells. In order to determine the extent of degradation of IPL GDGTs over geological timescales, we analyzed turbidite deposits, which had been partly reoxidized for several kyr after deposition on the Madeira Abyssal Plain. Analysis of core lipid (CL) and IPL-derived GDGTs showed a reduction in concentration by two orders of magnitude upon post-depositional oxidation, while IPL GDGTs with a mono-or dihexose head group decreased by 2-3 orders of magnitude. The BIT index for CL-and IPL-derived GDGTs increased substantially upon oxidation from 0.1 to up to 0.5. Together with changing MBT/ CBT values, this indicates preferential preservation of soil-derived branched GDGTs over marine isoprenoid GDGTs, combined with in situ production of branched GDGTs in the sediment. The TEX 86 value for IPL-derived GDGTs decreased by 0.07 upon oxidation, while that of CL GDGTs showed no significant change. Isolation of IPLs revealed that the TEX 86 value of monohexose GDGTs was 0.55, while the TEX 86 value for dihexose GDGTs was substantially higher, 0.70. Thus, the decrease in TEX 86 for IPL-derived GDGTs was in agreement with the dominance of monohexose GDGTs in the oxidized turbidite, probably caused by a combination of in situ production as well as selective preservation of terrestrial isoprenoid GDGTs. Due to the low amount of IPL GDGTs vs. CL GDGTs, the impact of IPL degradation on CL-based TEX 86 paleotemperature estimates is negligible.

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“…1a) and they expressed this in the TEX 86 index. This ratio has been calibrated with a global set of core tops (Kim et al, 2008(Kim et al, , 2010 and has been frequently used in studies to reconstruct past changes in SST (e.g. Huguet et al, 2006c;Forster et al, 2007;Liu et al, 2009;Bijl et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intact polar and core glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. Part II: Selective preservation and degradation in sediments and consequences for the TEX86

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Hopmans

Reichart

et al. 2012

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The TEX 86 is a proxy based on a ratio of pelagic archaeal glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids (GDGTs), and used for estimating past sea water temperatures. Concerns exist that in situ production of GDGTs lipids by sedimentary Archaea may affect its validity. In this study, we investigated the influence of benthic GDGT production on the TEX 86 by analyzing the concentrations and distributions of GDGTs present as intact polar lipids (IPLs) and as core lipids (CLs) in three sediment cores deposited under contrasting redox conditions across a depth range from 900 to 3000 m below sea level in and below the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Direct analysis of IPLs with crenarchaeol as CL via HPLC/ESI-MS 2 revealed that surface sediments in the OMZ were relatively depleted in the phospholipid hexose, phosphohexose (HPH)-crenarchaeol compared to suspended particulate matter from the water column, suggesting preferential and rapid degradation of this IPL. In sediment cores recovered from deeper, more oxic environments, concentrations of HPH-crenarchaeol peaked at the surface, probably due to in situ production by ammonia-oxidizing Archaea, followed by a rapid decrease with increasing depth. No surface maximum was observed in the sediment core from within the OMZ. In contrast, the glycolipids, monohexose-crenarchaeol and dihexose-crenarchaeol, did not change in concentration with depth in the sediment, indicating that they were relatively well preserved and likely mostly derived from fossil pelagic GDGTs. These results suggest that phospholipids are more sensitive to degradation, while glycolipids might be preserved over longer time scales, in line with previous incubation and modeling studies. Furthermore, in situ produced IPL-GDGTs did not accumulate as IPLs, and did not influence the CL-TEX 86 . This suggests that in-situ produced GDGT lipids were more susceptible to degradation than fossil CL and IPL and did not accumulate as CL. In agreement, no significant changes of TEX 86 with sediment depth in the core lipids were observed. However, consistent differences between IPL-derived TEX 86 and CL-TEX 86 were found. These could be explained by a different composition of CL-GDGT of the glyco-and phospholipids, in combination with dissimilar degradation rates of phospholipids vs. glycolipids. We also observed consistent differences in both IPL-derived and CL-TEX 86 between the different cores, equivalent to 3°C when converted to temperature, despite the proximity of the core locations. These differences may potentially be due to a larger addition of GDGTs produced in deeper, colder waters to the (sub)surface-derived GDGTs for the deeper core sites.

show abstract

New indices and calibrations derived from the distribution of crenarchaeal isoprenoid tetraether lipids: Implications for past sea surface temperature reconstructions

Cited by 623 publications

References 48 publications

Warming and environmental changes in the eastern North Sea Basin during the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum as revealed by biomarker lipids

Warming and environmental changes in the eastern North Sea Basin during the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum as revealed by biomarker lipids

Differential degradation of intact polar and core glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether lipids upon post-depositional oxidation

Intact polar and core glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether lipids in the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone. Part II: Selective preservation and degradation in sediments and consequences for the TEX86

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