New hominoid primates from the Siwaliks of Pakistan and their bearing on hominoid evolution

Pilbeam, David; Meyer, Grant E.; Badgley, Catherine; Rose, Michael D.; Pickford, Martin; Behrensmeyer, Anna K.; Shah, S. M. Ibrahim

doi:10.1038/270689a0

Cited by 136 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The 'Austriacopithecus' ulna (probably a species of Sivapithecus), for example, has a reduced olecranon process, a feature characteristic of all hominoids but not of the early Miocene Proconsul species nor of all »cercopithecoids [Morbeck, 1972;Preuschoft, 1973;Zapfe, I960]. The distal humeri from Rudabanya [Kretzoi, 1975] and Siwaliks [Pilbeam et al, 1977], both of which can be attributed to species of Sivapithecus, are similar to extant hominoids and not to Proconsul species or cercopithecoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Miocene Hominoid Palatofacial Morphology

McHenry¹,

Andrews²,

Corruccini³

1980

IJFP

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The palatofacial morphology of Proconsul africanus, P. nyanzae, P. major and Sivapithecus meteai is compared to extant catarrhines. The early Miocene hominoids (Proconsul) are unlike modern great apes, but retain a primitive catarrhine pattern more similar to some extant cercopithecoids. By middle Miocene times the typical hominoid palatofacial morphology can be recognized in at least one species (S. meteai) and this corresponds to the evolution of the postcranium in which the hominoid pattern is also only recognizable by the middle Miocene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Miocene Hominoid Palatofacial Morphology

McHenry¹,

Andrews²,

Corruccini³

1980

IJFP

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“…In size and form it is unlike A. africanus and is similar to A.L. 288-1 from Hadar (PILBEAM, 1984;HILL et al, 1985), the type of H. antiquus.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…As a result of more detailed comparative morphological analyses the new species, 'A. afarensis,' turned out to be a composite of fossils from three distinct taxa: a pongid, Praeanthropus africanus (WEINERT, 1950), (FERGUSON, 1986): A ustralopithecus africanus miodentatus FERGU-SON, 1987: and Homo antiquus FERGUSON, 1984. After 20 years of mistaken identification, it was conceded that Ramapithecus is indeed a pongid after all (PILBEAM, 1984). GOULD (1987) pronounced that "paleontologists have abandoned the once popular notion that Ramapithecus might be a source of human ancestry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Model of a hypothetical protohominid dentition and its implications for hominid phylogeny

Ferguson

1988

Primates

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ABSTRACT. The complete dentition of the common ancestor of Australopithecus and Homo, intermediate between that of a pongid and a hominid, is virtually unknown. The maxillary dentition (P3-M2) of Ramapithecus brevirostris L~wIs, 1934, a pongid from the Early Pliocene, and that of hominids from the Late Pliocene and Plio/Pleistocene is known. Since R. brevirostris is probably ancestral to the hominids, a model of intermediate maxillary dentition (P3-M2) is extrapolated and described. The model represents a hypothetical protohominid dentition. It does not conform with the teeth of Australopithecus, but shows greater morphological affinity to hominine dentition and to 5 myo hominids. The Homo lineage, therefore, may go back to the Middle Pliocene. According to the normal sequence of evolution, it is most unlikely that Australopithecus gave rise to Homo, but much more probable that a very early, generalized Homo evolved into an advanced, specialized Australopithecus.

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“…This material, which is discussed in detail in recent publications by Pilbeam and his associates [Pilbeam, 1979[Pilbeam, , 1980Pilbeam et al, 1977b;Pilbeam et al" 1980], is thought to represent at least three taxa, Ramapithecus punjabicus, Sivapithecus indicus, and Gigantopithecus bilaspurensis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Face of Sivapithecus indicus : Description of a New, Relatively Complete Specimen from the Siwaliks of Pakistan

Preuss¹

1982

IJFP

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A recently recovered specimen of Sivapithecus indicus from Late Miocene Siwalik deposits which preserves much of the face is described. The face is generally gracile, although the mandibular corpus is deep and robust. The specimen exhibits numerous similarities to Pongo pygmaeus and it is suggested that S. indicus and P. pygmaeus bear a close phyletic relationship; a taxonomic scheme is proposed to accomodate these conclusions. The orang-like specializations of S. indicus indicate that it probably was not ancestral to the hominids or African apes, although this may not be the case for other Sivapithecus species.

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New hominoid primates from the Siwaliks of Pakistan and their bearing on hominoid evolution

Cited by 136 publications

References 16 publications

Miocene Hominoid Palatofacial Morphology

Miocene Hominoid Palatofacial Morphology

Model of a hypothetical protohominid dentition and its implications for hominid phylogeny

The Face of Sivapithecus indicus : Description of a New, Relatively Complete Specimen from the Siwaliks of Pakistan

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