New Genotypes within Respiratory Syncytial Virus Group B Genotype BA in Niigata, Japan

Dapat, Isolde C.; Shobugawa, Yugo; Sano, Yasuko; Saito, Reiko; Sasaki, Asami; Suzuki, Yasushi; Kumaki, Akihiko; Zaraket, Hassan; Dapat, Clyde; Oguma, Taeko; Yamawaki, Masahiro; Sano, Hiroshi

doi:10.1128/jcm.00646-10

Cited by 124 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Reference sequences (BA/100/04, BA/524/04, BA/354/04, and BE/46/03) were downloaded from GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The G-protein gene sequences newly reported in this paper were deposited in the DDBJ database, and others were reported previously (7,23).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that the newly identified genotype NA2 of HRSV-A caused the outbreak in the 2006-2007 season, while emerging HRSV-B genotypes did not cause an outbreak in the community (7,26). In conjunction with data from previous molecular epidemiological studies, we undertook the present study to analyze the characteristics of reinfections in relation to HRSV genetic diversity among children with repeated HRSV infections in Japan.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Frequency of Repeated Infections Due to Emerging Genotypes of Human Respiratory Syncytial Viruses among Children during Eight Successive Epidemic Seasons in Japan

Yamawaki

Sano²,

Dapat

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency of Repeated Infections Due to Emerging Genotypes of Human Respiratory Syncytial Viruses among Children during Eight Successive Epidemic Seasons in Japan

Yamawaki

Sano²,

Dapat

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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“…The G protein is one of the targets of host immune response and thus a vaccine candidate. hRSV group B strains have been classified into 13 reported genotypes GB1, GB2, GB3, GB4, SAB1, SAB2, SAB3, SAB4, URU1, URU2, JAB1, CB1 and BA [5,8,9,21,23,25]. The BA genotype has 60 nucleotide duplication in the second hypervariable region of the G protein gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective phylogenetic analysis of circulating BA genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus with 60 bp duplication from New Delhi, India during 2007–2010

Khan

Deeba

et al. 2015

VirusDis.

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most common viral pathogen of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. The G protein of hRSV is the trans-membrane glycoprotein that is involved in the attachment of virion with the host cell. The nasopharyngeal aspirates were subjected to RT-PCR for the second hypervariable region of the G protein gene in the present investigation. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the study strains clustered within the BA genotype. The study sequences further clustered in BA-9, BA-7, BA-10 and BA-12 subgroups within the BA genotype. The G proteins of the study sequences were predicted to encode 312 and 319 amino acids. Three different N-linked glycosylation sites were observed in the deduced 93-100 amino acid region. There were 40-43 serine and threonine residues that are the potential O-linked glycosylation sites. The non-synonymous/synonymous (dN/dS) ratio was less than one indicating negative selection pressure for amino acid change in the analyzed region of the G protein. The present investigation provides information on circulating strains of BA genotype from New Delhi, India. Further elaborate investigations of the BA viruses from different regions of the world will establish the basis of the rapid global spread and evolutionary pattern of this expanding genotype.

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“…Co-circulation of multiple subtypes and genotypes has been frequently reported in a single RSV season, although usually one genotype is predominant (189-194, 196-202, 204-209). Within a population the prevalent RSV subtype and genotype has been reported to shift every few years (190,193,194,199,201,205,206,209), most likely due to shortlived, specific herd immunity (210). Genotype replacement has also been observed, where the emergence of a new genotype has appeared to have had a selective advantage, resulting in the replacement of previous lineages by the new genotype in a population (194,205,206,209).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A 60 nucleotide duplication event in HVR2 of an RSV-B strain was first observed in 1999 in Buenos Aires (genotype BA) (211) and rapidly spread worldwide (212). At least twelve BA sub-genotypes have now been described (194,206,212,213), and they are consistently identified as the predominant RSV-B strains in seasonal epidemics (188, 189, 191-196, 200, 202, 206, 208, 209, 214). In RSV-A, global patterns of RSV epidemics demonstrate that in the mid 1990s genotypes GA2 and GA7 were prevalent, with the emergence of GA5 and the divergence of GA2 into NA1 and NA2 in the 2000s (188,194,201).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral/bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in children

Brealey¹

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most significant cause of paediatric acute respiratory infection (ARI). RSV and other respiratory viruses are commonly co-detected with potentially pathogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, in the upper airways of young children.While these bacteria are known to be carried asymptomatically, they are also capable of opportunistic infections. Interactions between RSV and S. pneumoniae have been demonstrated in both clinical and molecular studies. However, the clinical significance of these interactions remains debated, and the effect of clinically relevant strain variation in both virus and bacteria on these interactions is also unknown. This work aimed to better understand the role of S. pneumoniae colonisation during RSV infections.To determine the effect of RSV and S. pneumoniae co-detection on disease severity during ARI, molecular pathogen screening of nasopharyngeal samples was conducted in a cohort of young children under the age of two years presenting with ARI at the emergency department of the Royal Brisbane Children's Hospital, Australia. S. pneumoniae was co-detected in approximately 52% of RSV infections, and co-detection was associated with increased disease severity, suggesting that S. pneumoniae plays a pathogenic role in severe paediatric RSV infections.Having established a clinical role for S. pneumoniae during RSV infection, the dynamics of pneumococcal colonisation of the nasal cavity was investigated in the four weeks prior and subsequent to an RSV infection in a longitudinal birth cohort of Brisbane-based children.Approximately 33% of infants and young children with RSV infections were colonised by S. pneumoniae prior to the RSV detection, and strain characterisation of S. pneumoniae in the weeks immediately surrounding the viral infection suggested that any observed growth of S. pneumoniae during RSV infection arose from the pre-existing strain colonising the URT. In another 14% of RSV infections, S. pneumoniae was first detected during the virus infection, suggesting simultaneous acquisition of RSV and S. pneumoniae and possible co-transmission of the two pathogens.The results from the two paediatric cohorts suggested an interaction between RSV and S.pneumoniae that was advantageous to the bacteria. It was therefore hypothesised that the molecular mechanisms governing RSV and S. pneumoniae interactions might be pneumococcal strain-specific and stronger in strains frequently co-detected with RSV. Studies have shown that RSV can increase S. pneumoniae colonisation by enhancing pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelia, and virions iii can bind directly to the bacterium to form co-pathogen complexes. These interactions are in part mediated through the binding interactions between S. pneumoniae surface receptors and the RSV G surface glycoprotein. RSV G is highly variable, both antigenically and genetically, and is the main protein used to type RSV into subtypes A and B. The genetic variation of RSV G was characterised from nasophar...

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New Genotypes within Respiratory Syncytial Virus Group B Genotype BA in Niigata, Japan

Cited by 124 publications

References 19 publications

High Frequency of Repeated Infections Due to Emerging Genotypes of Human Respiratory Syncytial Viruses among Children during Eight Successive Epidemic Seasons in Japan

High Frequency of Repeated Infections Due to Emerging Genotypes of Human Respiratory Syncytial Viruses among Children during Eight Successive Epidemic Seasons in Japan

Retrospective phylogenetic analysis of circulating BA genotype of human respiratory syncytial virus with 60 bp duplication from New Delhi, India during 2007–2010

Viral/bacterial respiratory tract co-infections in children

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