New Genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Isolated from Sika Deer and Red Deer in China

Huang, Jianying; Zhang, Zhenjie; Yang, Yong; Wang, Rongjun; Zhao, Jinfeng; Jian, Fuchun; Ning, Changshen; Zhang, Longxian

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00879

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Although this genotype was considered to be cattle-specific, it is now recognized as a dominant genotype in humans, animals and birds in a wide geographic distribution, and has zoonotic potential (11,17,19,24,25). Genotypes COS-I and COS-II, commonly reported in cattle, sheep, deer, and non-human primates in previous studies (2,14,26,27), were recognized as the known E. bieneusi genotypes. In contrast, the novel genotypes (ET-L1 and ET-L2) were first identified in lambs in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Wegayehu

Karim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently diagnosed microsporidian species in humans and occurs in a wide range of animals. This study was conducted in Central Ethiopia to determine the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in lambs in order to evaluate their public health significance. Three hundred eighty nine fecal samples were collected and screened using a nested PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene. All positive PCR products were sequenced to determine the genotypes. E. bieneusi was found in 39 (10.03%) of the lambs. Differences in the infection rates among sex and age groups were not significant (P > 0.05). Five ITS genotypes belonging to three known genotypes BEB6, COS-I, and COS-II, and two novel genotypes (ET-L1 and ET-L2) were identified in lambs. All five genotypes identified in the present study clustered within cattle-specific Group 2 in the ITS phylogenetic tree. This first molecular detection and characterization of E. bieneusi in lambs in Ethiopia has identified the need for further studies in humans and other domestic animals in order to determine the public health significance of E. bieneusi in Ethiopia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Wegayehu

Karim

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…The second is that of Santín & Fayer [ 36 ], who detected this microporidian in 32.5% (26/80) of the same deer species in Maryland, USA. Nonetheless, there are some studies of E. bieneusi in farmed deer from China, which involve Cervus nippon (sika deer), C. elaphus (red deer) and Elaphurus davidianus (Père David’s deer) [ 36 , 40 , 69 – 73 ] (see Additional file 2 : Table S2). As expected, the prevalence of E. bieneusi varied considerably (from 7.1 to 44.1%) among different farms, which likely relates to factors such as population size of deer and density; host species, age and gender; health status and immunity of the deer; management and environmental factors - season, temperature, sunlight and humidity - and stress, some of which may exert a combined effect on the survival of microsporidian species, and its transmission and prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present genetic characterisation of E. bieneusi from sambar deer revealed three known genotypes (D, J and Type IV; cf. [ 36 , 40 , 71 , 73 ]) and two novel genotypes (MWC_d1 and MWC_d2). MWC_d1 was the predominant genotype (76%; 19/25), followed by genotypes D (12%; 3/25), J (4%; 1/25), MWC_d2 (4%; 1/25) and Type IV (4%; 1/25) (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First detection and genetic characterisation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in wild deer in Melbourne’s water catchments in Australia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundEnterocytozoon bieneusi is reported to be a common microsporidian of humans and animals in various countries. However, E. bieneusi has yet to be recorded in animals in Australia. Here, we undertook the first molecular epidemiological investigation of E. bieneusi in three species of deer (Cervus elaphus, Dama dama and Rusa unicolor) that live in the catchment areas that supply the city of Melbourne with drinking water.MethodsGenomic DNA was extracted from a total of 610 individual faecal samples from wild deer, including sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) (n = 516), red deer (Cervus elaphus) (n = 77) and fallow deer (Dama dama) (n = 17) from nine catchment areas, and then tested using a nested PCR-based sequencing approach employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA as the genetic marker.ResultsEnterocytozoon bieneusi was detected in 25 of all 610 (4.1%) samples exclusively in samples from sambar deer. The analysis of ITS sequence data revealed three known (D, J and Type IV) and two new (MWC_d1 and MWC_d2) genotypes of E. bieneusi. Although the significance of the latter two new genotypes is presently unknown, phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequence data sets showed that they cluster with genotypes D and Type IV, which have been recorded previously in humans. These findings suggest that sambar deer in the water catchments harbour zoonotic genotypes of E. bieneusi.ConclusionsFurther insight into the epidemiology of E. bieneusi in wildlife, water and the environment in Australia will be important to have an informed position on the public health significance of microsporidiosis caused by this microbe.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-017-2577-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Microsporidia comprise a large and diverse group of intracellular eukaryotes that infects invertebrate and vertebrate hosts worldwide; to date, it consists of approximately 1300 species in 160 genera [ 1 ]. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most frequently detected species of microsporidia and is responsible for greater than 90% of human microsporidiosis cases [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genotypes of E. bieneusi have been determined based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer ( ITS ) region of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) [ 1 ]. To date, more than 240 genotypes of E. bieneusi have been identified in humans and animals [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and new genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet chipmunks (Eutamias asiaticus) in Sichuan province, China

Deng

Zhong

et al. 2018

BMC Microbiol

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BackgroundEnterocytozoon bieneusi, the most commonly identified microsporidian species in humans, is also identified in livestock, birds, rodents, reptiles, companion animals, even wastewater. However, there is no information available on occurrence of E. bieneusi in pet chipmunks. The aim of the present study was to determine the genotypes, molecular characterization of E. bieneusi in pet chipmunks, and assess the zoonotic potential.ResultsA total of 279 fecal specimens were collected from chipmunks from seven pet shops and one breeding facility in Sichuan province, China. The prevalence for E. bieneusi was 17.6% (49/279) based on nested PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The prevalence of E. bieneusi in chipmunks < 90 days of age was significantly higher than that in older chipmunks; however, differences among different sources and between genders were not significant. Eight genotypes of E. bieneusi were identified, including four known genotypes (D, Nig7, CHG9, and CHY1) and four novel genotypes (SCC-1 to 4). Phylogenetic analysis classified these genotypes into four distinct groups as follows: genotypes D and CHG9 clustered into group 1 of zoonotic potential; genotypes Nig7 and CHY1 clustered into group 6 and a new group, respectively; the four novel genotypes (SCC-1 to 4) formed a separate group named group 10.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in pet chipmunks in China. Genotypes D and Nig7, found in chipmunks in this study, have also been previously identified in humans, which suggests that chipmunks might play a role in the transmission of this pathogen to humans.

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New Genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Isolated from Sika Deer and Red Deer in China

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Lambs in Oromia Special Zone, Central Ethiopia

First detection and genetic characterisation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in wild deer in Melbourne’s water catchments in Australia

Molecular characterization and new genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet chipmunks (Eutamias asiaticus) in Sichuan province, China

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