New Finnish growth references for children and adolescents aged 0 to 20 years: Length/height-for-age, weight-for-length/height, and body mass index-for-age

Saari, Antti; Sankilampi, Ulla; Hannila, Marja‐Leena; Kiviniemi, Vesa; Kesseli, Kari; Dunkel, Leo

doi:10.3109/07853890.2010.515603

Cited by 396 publications

(444 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The mean of the nearest two values of body height was used for the analyses. Body mass index-standard deviation score was computed by the Finnish references (16). Waist circumference was assessed three times after expiration at mid-distance between the bottom of the rib cage and the top of the iliac crest with an unstretchable measuring tape to an accuracy of 0.1 cm.…”

Section: Assessment Of Cardiometabolic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of TM6SF2 167K allele with liver enzymes and lipid profile in children: the PANIC Study

et al. 2016

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Background: The 167K allele in the TM6SF2 gene has been suggested to protect against cardiovascular disease at the cost of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in a population sample of 462 Caucasian children aged 6-9 y, genotyped the polymorphism using HumanCoreExome BeadChip, and assessed several cardiometabolic risk factors. results: The 51 (11%) carriers of the 167K allele had higher plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (20.8 vs. 18.4 U/l, P = 0.011) but lower plasma triglycerides (0.54 vs. 0.61 mmol/l, P = 0.024), total cholesterol (4.08 vs. 4.30 mmol/l, P = 0.016), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (2.22 vs. 2.38 mmol/l, P = 0.012) than the 411 noncarriers. In factor analysis, the first factor was heavily loaded by plasma ALT (factor loading 0.63), triglycerides (−0.82), LDL cholesterol (−0.71), and waist circumference (0.61) in the carriers but not in the noncarriers. conclusions: The carriers of the 167K allele have higher plasma ALT but lower plasma triglycerides and total and LDL cholesterol than the noncarriers already in childhood. n onalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recognized as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (1), is the most common liver disease not only in adults (2) but also in children (3). Increased liver fat content is typically associated with the overproduction of triglyceride-rich very-lowdensity lipoprotein particles from the liver due to the reduced insulin-induced suppression of very-low-density lipoprotein production that leads to hypertriglyceridemia and decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (1). NAFLD has been related to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that has been suggested to be partly explained by hypertriglyceridemia and decreased plasma HDL cholesterol levels (2).A recent exome-wide association study showed that adults with a cytosine-to-thymine substitution which replaces glutamate with lysine at residue 167 (E167K polymorphism) in the TM6SF2 gene had increased hepatic triglyceride content and increased plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) but decreased plasma levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (4). The carriers of the 167K allele were found to have a loss of function of the TM6SF2 that reduces the ability of the liver to export triglycerides in verylow-density lipoprotein particles to circulation that explains the increased liver fat content and the decreased plasma levels of triglycerides among the carriers (5). Consistent with these findings, other studies in adults have shown that the carriers of the 167K allele are more susceptible to NAFLD and liver fibrosis (6-9) but have a lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease that is partly explained by lower plasma total cholesterol levels among the carriers (7,10).A recent study in obese children provided further evidence for the finding in adults that the carriers of the 167K allele in the TM6SF2 gene have a higher liver fat ...

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Section: Assessment Of Cardiometabolic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of TM6SF2 167K allele with liver enzymes and lipid profile in children: the PANIC Study

et al. 2016

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“…The weight, height and body mass index of the 53 children are presented in Table 1 and corresponded to the age group norms for Finnish children (Saari et al 2011). Motor skills assessments were obtained for 37 to 53 children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly observed physical activity and fundamental motor skills in four-year-old children in day care

Iivonen

Sääkslahti

Mehtälä

et al. 2016

European Early Childhood Education Research Journal

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Physical activity (PA), its location, social interactions and fundamental motor skills were investigated in four-year-old Finnish children in day care. Six skills in the stability, locomotor and manipulative domains were assessed in 53 children (24 boys, 29 girls, normal anthropometry) with the APM-Inventory manual for assessing children's perceptual and fundamental motor skills (Numminen, 1995) and Total Motor Scores (TMS; 0-6 points) calculated. PA intensity, location, group composition and activity type − sitting, squatting, kneeling − were directly observed with a modified version of the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in Children-Preschool Version (OSRAC-P) (Brown et al. 2006) during three consecutive days in 14 centres.

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“…These, chosen on the basis of earlier literature, included sex (men/women), age (years) in adulthood, BMI (kg/m 2 ) calculated from weight and height measured in a clinic and transformed into BMI-for-age standard deviation (SD) scores using national growth references for girls and boys (for growth references Saari et al, 2011;Lawlor et al, 2006 for associations between cognitive ability and obesity), and mean of valid minutes of measurement period for PA. We further adjusted for self-reported alcohol consumption (g/week) (Corley et al, 2010), smoking status (yes, ex-smoker, no) (Batty & Deary, 2004), average daily intakes of energy (kcal/day), and fruit and vegetable consumption (g/day]) (Reinivuo, Hirvonen, Ovaskainen, Korhonen, & Valsta, 2010 for calculating dietary intake; Chandola et al, 2006 for associations between cognitive ability and dietary intake).…”

Section: Covariates and Confoundersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood cognitive ability and physical activity in young adulthood.

et al. 2017

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Objective: Childhood cognitive ability is associated with lifestyle in adulthood, including self-reported physical activity (PA). We examined whether childhood cognitive ability is associated with objectively measured PA and sedentary time (ST) in young adulthood. Method: Participants of the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study (n = 500) underwent tests of general reasoning, visuomotor integration, verbal competence, and language comprehension at the age of 56 months yielding a general intelligence factor score; at the age of 25 years they wore omnidirectional accelerometers for 9 days (range = 4–10 days) measuring overall daily PA (counts per minute, cpm), ST, and light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (minutes), and completed a questionnaire on occupational, commuting, leisure-time conditioning and nonconditioning PA. Results: After adjustment for sex, age, BMI-for-age SD score at 56 months. and mean of valid minutes of measurement period for PA, per each 1 SD increase in the childhood general intelligence factor score, overall daily PA decreased by −8.99 cpm/day, ST increased by 14.93 min/day, time spent in light PA decreased by −14.39 min/day, and the odds per each level increase in physical demandingness of the work and in time spent in nonconditioning leisure-time PA decreased by 38% and 31%, respectively (p values < 0.04). These associations were mediated via higher young adulthood level of education. Conclusions: In contrast to expected, in this cohort of young adults with high variability in PA, of whom many were still studying, higher childhood cognitive ability was associated with more objectively measured and self-reported physical inactivity. Whether these findings persist beyond young adulthood is a subject of further studies.

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New Finnish growth references for children and adolescents aged 0 to 20 years: Length/height-for-age, weight-for-length/height, and body mass index-for-age

Abstract: New Finnish references for length/height-for-age, weight-for-length/height, and BMI-for-age were constructed and should be implemented to monitor growth of children in Finland.

Cited by 396 publications

References 40 publications

Associations of TM6SF2 167K allele with liver enzymes and lipid profile in children: the PANIC Study

Associations of TM6SF2 167K allele with liver enzymes and lipid profile in children: the PANIC Study

Directly observed physical activity and fundamental motor skills in four-year-old children in day care

Childhood cognitive ability and physical activity in young adulthood.

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