New evidences for an early Birimian evolution in the West African Craton: An example from the Kedougou-Kenieba inlier, southeast Senegal

Gueye, Mamadou; Siegesmund, Siegfried; Wemmer, Klaus; Pawlig, Sabine; Drobe, Malte; Nolte, Nicole; Layer, Paul W.

doi:10.2113/gssajg.110.4.511

Cited by 77 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This period is divided into two phases. Though there is regional variation, broadly the Eoeburnean (also known as Eburnean I or the Tangaean; 2266-2150 Ma) precedes the Eburnean (2216-1980 (Taylor et al, 1992;Dia et al, 1997;Loh et al, 1999;Allibone et al, 2002;Gueye et al, 2007;Tshibubudze et al, 2009;Hein, 2010;de Kock et al, 2011). The Eoeburnean consists of volcanism, granitoid emplacement and fold, thrust tectonics, and is interpreted by Tshibubudze et al, (2015) to be a single diachronous event across the Birimian.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminating fluid source regions in orogenic gold deposits using B-isotopes

Lambert-Smith

Rocholl

Treloar

et al. 2016

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The genesis of orogenic gold deposits is commonly linked to hydrothermal ore fluids derived from metamorphic devolatilisation reactions. However, there is considerable debate as to the ultimate source of these fluids and the metals they transport. Tourmaline is a common gangue mineral in orogenic gold deposits. It is stable over a very wide P-T range, demonstrates limited volume diffusion of major and trace elements and is the main host of B in most rock types. We have used texturally resolved B-isotope analysis

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminating fluid source regions in orogenic gold deposits using B-isotopes

Lambert-Smith

Rocholl

Treloar

et al. 2016

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…Mafic intrusions consists of gabbros and dolerites most of which have been metamorphosed to greenschist and amphibolite facies although igneous texture (ophitic texture) are preserved. Available geochronological data show that most of the sediments and volcanic successions and granite in the MB formed in the period 2200 -2000 Ma and were metamorphosed and deformed at 2100 Ma based on the biotite 40 Ar/39 Ar age of 2100 Ma from the Badon granite, interpreted as a metamorphic age (Gueye et al, [8]). A post tectonic rhyolite that intrude the upper sequence of the MB yields a Pb/Pb zircon age of 2056 Ma, which provides a minimum age for the belt.…”

Section: The Mako Belt (Mb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed studies (Dia et al, [6]; Pawlig et al, [7]) of the geochemistry of the Mako belt have demonstrated that the plutons are calcalkaline and metaluminous. Pb-Pb zircon age determination (Gueye et al, [8]) gives an age range between 2200 and 2070 and indicates the absence of older crustal material.…”

Section: The Mako Belt (Mb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compilation of structural data with petrologic and geochronological informations is essential to unravel their evolution. Various studies on these granite-greenstone terrains of the West African Craton (WAC), using geochemical and isotopic data have been carried out in the last decade (Bassot [1], Dia [2], Abouchami et al, [3], Boher et al, [4], Ndiaye et al, [5], Dia et al, [6], Pawlig et al, [7], Gueye et al, [8]). However the structural data and their role in the evolution of the Paleoproterozoic orogenic belts are still quite scarce in WAC, particularly in Senegal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Evolution of a Precambrian Segment: Example of the Paleoproterozoic Formations of the Mako Belt (Eastern Senegal, West Africa)

Diène¹,

Gueye²,

Diallo³

et al. 2012

IJG

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The western part of the Kedougou Kenieba Inlier is located in the West African Craton. It consists of paleoproterozoic NE-trending elongate belts (subprovinces) of metavolcanic and granitic rocks that alternate with metasedimentary belts. Major linear fault such as the MTZ which also approximate a north-easterly trend form the eastern boundaries. The field observations and geophysics analyses were completed by a microscopic study. Based on these data we define across this region four lithostructural domains from east to west. The western domain is structurally complex. The rocks of this domain have been subjected to a complex history of polyphase deformation and metamorphism. The structural analyse allow us to distinguished three deformation events. The deformation results in the formation of D1 thrust tectonic and D2 and D3 transcurrent tectonic. The structural evolution of the Mako Belt is characterized by deformation dominated by the intrusion of large TTG batholiths (D1) followed by basins formation and transpression accommodating oblique convergence and collision (D2 and D3). The change from thrusting (D1 deformation to transcurrent motion (D2 and D3) is recorded in the marginal basin of the central domain and in Tinkoto pull apart basin. The timing of these basins indicates a diachronous evolution. Deformation styles within the basin are compatible with a dextral transpression which terminated at ca 2090 Ma. Small extensional basins formed over the rocks of the Mako Belt are filled with continental detrital sedimentary rocks that show weak foliation and active felsic volcanism. We suggest that the sinistral transpressive tectonic associated with oblique subduction may have generated the pull-apart basin and subaqueous volcanism. In part these features are now related to terrain accretion, thrusting and strike slip movement during oblique convergence. The inversion of the large scale structural evolution from thrusting to strike slip is common to modern orogenies.

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“…1) the Biriminan terranes in the southern part of the WAC, including the Kedougou-Kenieba region where they could be early Cretaceous (Michel, 1996). The Saraya batholith is one of these granitic intrusions as large as 2000 km 2 formed at about 2079 Myr (Gueye et al, 2007). In the area of the heatflow measurements, it is a two micas syenitic granite with pegmatite equivalents composed of coarse grains with 23-32 percent of quartz, 47-62 percent of microcline (potassic feldspar), 10-15 percent of plagioclase, 1-2 percent of muscovite and 1-2 percent of biotite (Ndiaye, 1994).…”

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-flow and subsurface temperature history at the site of Saraya (eastern Senegal)

Lucazeau

Rolandone

2012

Solid Earth

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Abstract. New temperature measurements from eight boreholes in the West African Craton (WAC) reveal superficial perturbations down to 100 m below the alteration zone. These perturbations are both related to a recent increase in the surface air temperature (SAT) and to the site effects caused by fluid circulations and/or the lower conduction in the alterites. The ground surface temperature (GST), inverted from the boreholes temperatures, increased slowly in the past (∼0.4 • C from 1700 to 1940) and then, more importantly, in recent years (∼1.5 • C from 1940 to 2010). This recent trend is consistent with the increase of the SAT recorded at two nearby meteorological stations (Tambacounda and Kedougou), and more generally in the Sahel with a coeval rainfall decrease. Site effects are superimposed to the climatic effect and interpreted by advective (circulation of fluids) or conductive (lower conductivity of laterite and of highporosity sand) perturbations. We used a 1-D finite differences thermal model and a Monte-Carlo procedure to find the best estimates of these site perturbations: all the eight borehole temperature logs can be interpreted with the same basal heatflow and the same surface temperature history, but with some realistic changes of thermal conductivity and/or fluid velocity. The GST trend observed in Senegal can be confirmed by two previous borehole measurements made in 1983 in other locations of West Africa, the first one in an arid zone of northern Mali and the second one in a sub-humid zone in southern Mali. Finally, the background heat-flow is low (31 ± 2 mW m −2 ), which makes this part of the WAC more similar with the observations in the southern part (33 ± 8 mW m −2 ) rather than with those in the northern part and in the Pan-African domains where the surface heat-flow is 15-20 mW m −2 higher.

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New evidences for an early Birimian evolution in the West African Craton: An example from the Kedougou-Kenieba inlier, southeast Senegal

Cited by 77 publications

References 49 publications

Discriminating fluid source regions in orogenic gold deposits using B-isotopes

Discriminating fluid source regions in orogenic gold deposits using B-isotopes

Structural Evolution of a Precambrian Segment: Example of the Paleoproterozoic Formations of the Mako Belt (Eastern Senegal, West Africa)

Heat-flow and subsurface temperature history at the site of Saraya (eastern Senegal)

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