New evidence of the Suess/de Vries cycle existing in historical naked-eye observations of sunspots

Abstract

Solar activity affects geophysical and heliophysical processes. Long-term changes in solar activity are closely related to climate change. Solar physicists and earth science researchers need longer observations of solar activity. Current continuous observations of solar activity are only about 400 years. Some scholars have compiled naked-eye observations of sunspots from 200 BC to 1918 AD from historical documents. In this present work, the authors use the weighted wavelet transform to study the observations series. The results show the Suess - de Vries cycle with a period from 195- to 235-year existing in the discontinuous sunspot series. Meanwhile, the cycle signal changes with time. Especially, the Suess/de Vries cycle is relatively obvious from 200 BC to 400 AD, 800 AD to 1340 AD, 1610 AD to 1918 AD, with a period of about 211-year, about 195-year, and about 235-year, respectively.

Shaken and Stirred: When Bond Meets Suess–de Vries and Gnevyshev–Ohl

“…As longer-term cycles are concerned, it was recently confirmed (Stefani et al, 2020a) that the modulation period of the duration of the Schwabe cycles, as inferred from Schove's maxima data (Schove, 1983), is close to 200 years, a number which is consistent with previous results for the Suess-de Vries cycle relying on historic sunspot observations (Ma and Vaquero, 2020), 10 Be and 14 C data (Muscheler et al, 2007), and various climate related data (Lüdecke, Weiss and Hempelmann, 2015). It was not least the relative sharpness of that Suess-de Vries cycle which had motivated many authors (Jose, 1965;Fairbridge and Shirley, 1987;Charvatova, 1997;Landscheidt, 1999;Abreu et al, 2012;Wolff and Patrone, 2010;McCracken, Beer and Steinhilber, 2014;Cionco and Soon, 2015;Scafetta et al, 2016) to search for a link between the solar dynamo and planetary forcings with correspondingly long periods.…”

“…Since typical periods of this cycle between 190 until 210 years have been discussed in the literature, 193 years sounds not too bad in this respect. It also seems to be supported by a recent result of Ma and Vaquero (2020) who had found a 195-year period for the strong and clearly expressed Suess-de Vries cycle in the relatively "quiet" interval between 800 and 1340 A.D.…”

Natural and anthropogenic dynamics of the coastal environment in northwestern Corsica (western Mediterranean) over the past six millennia

“…Similarly, its expression in palaeoenvironment proxies shows a non-stationary periodicity (Galloway et al, 2013). A 230-year cycle was detected in direct proxies of solar magnetic activity, such as 14 C time series and naked-eye observations of sunspots (Ma and Vaquero, 2020).…”

Multiple regression analysis of anthropogenic and heliogenic climate drivers, and some cautious forecasts

“…Note that, apart from first ideas (Javaraiah, 2003;Sharp, 2013;Solheim, 2013;Wilson, 2013), the spin-orbit coupling that is necessary to translate the orbital motion of the Sun into some dynamo-relevant internal forcing, is yet far from understood. In our model, the Suess-de Vries acquires a clear (beat) period of 193 years which is in the lower range of usual estimates (but see Ma and Vaquero (2020)). The situation with the Gleissberg cycle(s) was less clear: those appeared as doubled and tripled frequencies of the Suess-de Vries cycle, but also as independent frequencies resulting from beat periods of other synodes of Jovian planets with the Schwabe cycle (see Fig.…”

“…We assume that we have safely left the irregular period of the solar dynamo, as reflected in the Little Ice Age which can be considered as the latest link in the (chaotic) chain of Bond events (Bond et al, 2001). Guided by our (double-)synchronization model, and encouraged by Ma and Vaquero (2020) who had indeed derived an 195-yr cycle in the quiet (regular) interval from 800-1340, we keep this Suess-de Vries period fixed to 193 years in all fits. Concerning the Gleissbergtype cycle(s) we will be less strict, though.…”