New evidence of an early Pridoli barrier reef in the southern part of the Baltic Silurian basin based on three-dimensional seismic survey, Lithuania

Kaminskas, Donatas; Michelevicius, D.; Blažauskas, Nerijus

doi:10.3176/earth.2015.09

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The low-stands in the Silurian Baltic Basin are associated with development of reef and carbonate factories during the late Homerian post-Mulde interval (Calner 2005), mid-Ludfordian Lau Event (Spiridonov et al 2017a), and the recently recognised early Pridoli ŠilalėEvent (Spiridonov et al 2020). For example, during the ŠilalėEvent, a significant ≈5 °C drop in sea water temperatures (Žigaitėet al 2010) was associated with the development of carbonate reefs (Kaminskas et al 2015), and drop in gamma ray values, as well as amount of preserved organic carbon (proxy for productivity), and orders of magnitude decrease in abundance of nektobenthic carnivoresconodonts (Spiridonov et al 2020). All these patterns point to the prevalence of decreased productivity in the water column and, thus, oligotrophy during cooling events and concurrent sea level regressions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic ecophenotypy in the Silurian Monograptidae (Graptolithina)

Whittingham

Spiridonov

Radzevičius

2021

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

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The monograptids from the Wenlock and Ludlow (mid- to late Silurian) of the palaeotropical Baltic Basin exhibit thickened ring structures (sicular annuli) over their initial phase of growth. Appearing before the lundgreni extinction event, they persisted throughout the remainder of the Silurian, fluctuating in number over that period. To better understand the mechanisms controlling their development and variation, counts of sicular annuli were taken from three well cores in Lithuania, compared between species in each sample and compared with contemporaneous gamma ray data, accompanied by the stable isotope (δ13C), and acritarch diversity data. Mean counts of annuli fluctuated greatly over the studied interval, but showed negligible variation between species, indicating that the trait is ecophenotypic. The fluctuation in annulus presence aligned with variations in fourth- and fifth-order cycles derived from the gamma ray trends, which represent significant sea level fluctuations, δ13C ratios, and primary productivity, suggesting that annuli were more plentiful in high-stand states which are associated with the wetter climate and more productive conditions, whereas dryer, less productive conditions were not conducive to annulus development. In light of this evidence, we hypothesise that the action of upwelling as a result of intensified storm events during wetter periods would have encouraged phytoplankton blooms, increasing construction of annuli. These results show the potential utility of sicular annuli in the study of Silurian climate change and give new insights into graptolite palaeoecology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic ecophenotypy in the Silurian Monograptidae (Graptolithina)

Whittingham

Spiridonov

Radzevičius

2021

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

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“…Late Or do vi cian (Katian) car bon ate mounds formed around the is land of Gotland and offshore Lat via (Kanev et al, 2001;Sivhed et al, 2004;Flodén, 2000, 2007). Si lu rian reefal struc tures are known in Gotland, be tween Gotland and Saarema (Flodén et al, 2001;Flodén, 2011, 2013), and in Lat via and cen tral Lithu a nia (Kanev et al, 2001;Kaminskas et al, 2015).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large array of inselbergs on a continuation of the sub-Cambrian peneplain in the Baltic Basin: evidence from seismic data, Western Lithuania

Grendaitė

Michelevicius²,

Radzevičius³

2022

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The sub-Cam brian pe ne plain is well-known in Scan di na via, out crop ping in Fin land, Swe den and Nor way. This pe ne plain is thought to have formed within the Bal tic Sea re gion in Cryogenian and Ediacaran/early Cam brian time, when Baltica, a part of Rodinia for most of that time, ex pe ri enced tec tonic sta bil ity, strong sheet-wash weath er ing and glaciations. While the pene plain out crops in the Bal tic Shield re gion, it con tin ues be neath Phanerozoic strata of the Bal tic Ba sin. This bur ied part of the sub-Cam brian pe ne plain is known to have sev eral iso lated inselbergs. We in ter pret newly ac quired 2D and 3D seis mic data and show that the sub-Cam brian pe ne plain ex tends at least to West ern Lith u a nia where the palaeotopography of the Pre cam brian base ment changes its char ac ter from pe ne plain-like flat to hilly ter rain with a large ar ray of inselbergs. Even though some of the larg est fea tures of this palaeotopography have been known be fore, they are here dem on strated for the first time within the re gional con text of the sub-Cam brian pe ne plain.

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“…The key res er voir rock is mid dle Cam brian sand stone, while Lower to Mid dle Or do vi cian car bon ates, as well as Up per Or do vi cian to Si lu rian car bon ate build-ups, are sub or di nate res er voirs (Fig. 4; Jacyna et al, 1997;Domżalski et al, 2004;Stolarczyk et al, 2004;Kaminskas et al, 2015;Levendal et al, 2019). Res er voir prop er ties of the mid dle Cam brian sand stone de pend solely on the de gree of quartz ce men ta tion (Sikorska, 1998;Molenaar et al, 2007;Semyrka et al, 2010).…”

Section: Petroleum Geology Of the Baltic-podlasie-lublin Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4; Poprawa et al, 2006). Less com monly, oil fields oc cur in strati graphic traps (pinch-out play, drape/onlap play, deeply weath ered crys tal line base ment play), as well as in lithological traps (reef play, and inter-reef/back-reef play) (Jacyna et al, 1997;Lapinskas, 2000;Kaminskas et al, 2015). The re gional seal is a thick unit of Up per Or do vi cian and Si lu rian shale, and in the cen tral and south west ern part of the ba sin also Zechstein evaporites (Fig.…”

Section: Petroleum Geology Of the Baltic-podlasie-lublin Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Paleozoic oil and gas shale in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin (central and eastern Europe) – a review

Poprawa¹

2020

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In the Bal tic-Podlasie-Lublin Ba sin, four po ten tial lower Pa leo zoic shale res er voirs are iden ti fied: the Piaśnica, Sasino and Jantar for ma tions, as well as the Mingajny shale. These units were diachronously de pos ited dur ing the starved stages of Cal edo nian foredeep ba sin de vel op ment, in the course of ris ing or high eustatic sea level. Across most of the ba sin, the shale for ma tions ana lysed are sat u rated with light oil and con den sate, and they are bur ied to depths of 2300-3500 m. The shale res er voirs reach the wet gas win dow at burial depths of 2800-4000 m, while dry gas ac cu mu la tions oc cur at depths ex ceed ing 3500-5000 m, ex cept in the Biłgoraj-Narol Zone. The shale ana lysed might be gen er ally clas si fied as a mod erate to low qual ity, and lo cally high qual ity, un con ven tional res er voir. Within the shale net pay zones, the av er age TOC content is 2-5 wt.% TOC. The ex cep tions are the Piaśnica For ma tion, for which this is 5-12 wt.%, and the Mingajny shale, which is TOC-lean (1.4-1.7 wt.%). The thick ness of the shale net pay in ter vals in the most fa vour able lo ca tions, mainly on the Łeba Elevation, gen er ally reaches 20 m, and lo cally ex ceeds 35 m. The shale res er voirs are sat u rated with hy dro carbons of good qual ity. Their per me abil ity is low to mod er ate, of ten in the range of 150-200 mD, while to tal po ros ity av er age per bore hole is com monly ex ceeds 6 %, reach ing up to 10% at max i mum, which might be con sid ered as mod er ate to good. The clay min er als con tent is mod er ate to high (30-50%), and geomechanical char ac ter is tics of the shale for ma tions are inter me di ate be tween brit tle and duc tile. No overpressure oc curs in the ba sin, ex cept for a dry gas zone in the SW Bal tic Basin. In the Biłgoraj-Narol Zone, and to a lesser de gree also in the Lublin re gion, pro nounced tec tonic de for ma tion sig nif i cantly lim its shale gas/oil po ten tial. Among 66 ex plo ra tion bore holes drilled in the ba sin so far, only 5 were lat eral bore holes with rep re sen ta tive pro duc tion test re sults. Hy dro car bon flow from the best bore holes was low to mod er ate, equal to 11.2 to 15.6 thou sand m 3 /day for gas, and 157 bbl/day (~21.4 ton/day) for oil. There is, how ever, high po ten tial to im prove pro duc tion flow rates, con nected with the frac tur ing of two net pay in ter vals at one time, as well as with sig nif i cant tech no log i cal prog ress in the ex ploi ta tion of shale bas ins dur ing the last 5 years. Com mer cially vi a ble pro duc tion might be achieved for a sin gle bore hole with es ti mated ul ti mate re cov ery ex ceed ing 30-50 thou sand tons of oil, or 60-90 mil lion m 3 of gas.

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New evidence of an early Pridoli barrier reef in the southern part of the Baltic Silurian basin based on three-dimensional seismic survey, Lithuania

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Dynamic ecophenotypy in the Silurian Monograptidae (Graptolithina)

Dynamic ecophenotypy in the Silurian Monograptidae (Graptolithina)

A large array of inselbergs on a continuation of the sub-Cambrian peneplain in the Baltic Basin: evidence from seismic data, Western Lithuania

Lower Paleozoic oil and gas shale in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin (central and eastern Europe) – a review

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