New Evaluation of $$T-T_{2000}$$ T - T 2000 from 0.02 K to 1 K by Independent Thermodynamic Methods

Engert, J.; Kirste, A.; Shibahara, Aya; Casey, A.; Levitin, L. V.; Saunders, J.; Hahtela, Ossi; Kemppinen, A.; Mykkänen, Emma; Prunnila, Mika; Gunnarsson, David; Roschier, Leif; Meschke, Matthias; Pekola, Jukka P.

doi:10.1007/s10765-016-2123-4

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…According to a careful uncertainty analysis, the relative combined uncertainty of the CBT as a primary thermometer is below 1 % (k = 2) at temperatures from 20 mK to 200 mK [3], [4]. This was verified in a comparison between the CBT and two other primary thermometers (the current sensing noise thermometer and the magnetic field fluctuation thermometer) and the PLTS-2000 temperature scale [5].…”

Section: Operation Principle and Recent Progressmentioning

confidence: 80%

Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range

Hahtela

Kemppinen

Lehtinen

et al. 2020

2020 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM)

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The Coulomb Blockade Thermometer (CBT) is a primary thermometer for cryogenic temperatures, with demonstrated operation from below 1 mK up to 60 K. Its performance as a primary thermometer has been verified at temperatures from 20 mK to 200 mK at uncertainty level below 1 % (k = 2). In a new project, our aim is to extend the metrologically verified temperature range of the primary CBT up to 25 K. We also demonstrate close-to-ideal operation of a CBT with only two tunnel junctions when the device is embedded in a low-impedance environment.

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Section: Operation Principle and Recent Progressmentioning

confidence: 80%

Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range

Hahtela

Kemppinen

Lehtinen

et al. 2020

2020 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM)

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“…By this way no complicated quantum voltage noise source as laid out in Figure is required for calibration. The pMFFT is not only used to investigate discrepancies of the thermodynamic input data of the PLTS‐2000 at its lower end but also as a practical primary thermometer from 5 K down to below 1 mK . Recently the resolution limit of the pMFFT was determined to 2.5 µK, a factor of 400 under the lower end of the defined scale PLTS‐2000.…”

Section: The Realization Of the New Kelvinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ref. [] other promising low‐temperature primary thermometers not yet included in the MeP‐K can be found. A simpler commercial version of the magnetic field fluctuation thermometer requiring an one‐point calibration is already available for the temperature range from some millikelvin to 4.2 K .…”

Section: The Realization Of the New Kelvinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Boltzmann Constant for the Definition and Realization of the Kelvin

Fischer

2018

Annalen der Physik

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In November 2018, the four base units, kilogram, ampere, kelvin, and mole, of the International System of Units (SI) are redefined in terms of fundamental physical constants. The redefinition comes into force on World Metrology Day, 20 May 2019. The kelvin, the base unit of thermodynamic temperature, from then is to be founded on a fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant. Herein, the change in the definition of the kelvin and the consequences for practical temperature measurement are explained. The primary thermometry methods applied to determine the numerical value of the Boltzmann constant for the redefinition are reviewed. The prospects for the future application of these methods are outlined.

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“…We will also not discuss ultralow temperature thermometry in detail, although this is obviously an important and relevant topic. Information about the current state of metrology in ultralow temperature thermometry can be found in [25]. More information about techniques that are particularly relevant to micro-/nanoelectronic devices at ultralow temperatures can be found, for example, in [26][27][28] for noise thermometry, [29][30][31][32] for Coulomb blockade thermometry and [33][34][35] for quantum dot-based thermometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Cooling Nanoelectronic Devices to Ultra-Low Temperatures

et al. 2020

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Here we review recent progress in cooling micro-/nanoelectronic devices significantly below 10 mK. A number of groups worldwide are working to produce submillikelvin on-chip electron temperatures, motivated by the possibility of observing new physical effects and improving the performance of quantum technologies, sensors and metrological standards. The challenge is a longstanding one, with the lowest reported on-chip electron temperature having remained around 4 mK for more than 15 years. This is despite the fact that microkelvin temperatures have been accessible in bulk materials since the mid-twentieth century. In this review, we describe progress made in the last 5 years using new cooling techniques. Developments have been driven by improvements in the understanding of nanoscale physics, material properties and heat flow in electronic devices at ultralow temperatures and have involved collaboration between universities and institutes, physicists and engineers. We hope that this review will serve as a summary of the current state of the art and provide a roadmap for future developments. We focus on techniques that have shown, in experiment, the potential to reach sub-millikelvin electron temperatures. In particular, we focus on on-chip demagnetisation refrigeration. Multiple groups have used this technique to reach temperatures around 1 mK, with a current lowest temperature below 0.5 mK.

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New Evaluation of $$T-T_{2000}$$ T - T 2000 from 0.02 K to 1 K by Independent Thermodynamic Methods

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range

Coulomb Blockade Thermometry on a Wide Temperature Range

The Boltzmann Constant for the Definition and Realization of the Kelvin

Progress in Cooling Nanoelectronic Devices to Ultra-Low Temperatures

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