The acetone extract of the aerial parts of Piper guayranum yielded tembamide acetate [1] and alatamide [2] but not tembamide [3]. Compound 1 has not been previously reported as a natural product while both 2 and 3 has only been encountered so far in species of Rutaceae.Piper guayranum C.DC. (Piperaceae) is a tall, slender shrub that is found in shady, elevated regions of Trinidad, Tobago, and Venezuela (1). There is no record of folkloric medicinal use of this plant, and there appear to be no reported chemical studies either. We wish to report the results of our studies on the aerial parts of P. guayranum occurring in Trinidad.Repeated vacuum liquid chromatography (vie) of the Me2CO extract resulted in the isolation of three crystalline compounds. The most polar compound 1 was obtained as white needles, mp 159°( petroleum ether/Me2CO). High resolution eims gave an [M]+ (at mlz 313 -1308) which indicated a molecular formula of C18H19N04 ([M}+ calculated 313.1314). Four bands, at 208, 225, 270, and 278 nm, were observed in the uv spectrum. The ir spectrum exhib-OMe ited absorptions at 3315, 1727, 1645, 1532, and 1510 cm-1 indicating the presence of both amide and ester groups.*H nmr (Table 1) suggested a 1,4-disubstituted aromatic ring (AB type fourproton doublet of doublets at 6.92 and 7.35) as well as a monosubstituted one (five-proton multiplet at 7.45-7.83).Acetate (three-proton singlet at 2.12) and aromatic methoxy (three-proton singlet at 3.82) groups were also indicated. On complete exchange after the