New Era for Technology in Healthcare Powered by GDPR and Blockchain

Stan, Ovidiu; Miclea, Liviu

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6207-1_49

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Using blockchain in healthcare has huge potential to address several of the current health system issues, such as immutable storage and distribution of patients’ medical records, thus providing access to more stakeholders involved in the medical process and offering the guarantee of data protection and security [ 53 , 54 ]. It can provide a novel approach to data ownership and permission-based access through the medical stakeholders’ value chain.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

PatientDataChain: A Blockchain-Based Approach to Integrate Personal Health Records

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Tiganoaia

Sacală

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Currently there is not a single trusted infrastructure used for the exchange and storage of medical data along the healthcare value chain and, thus, there is no platform used for monitoring patients’ traceability within the entire healthcare chain. This situation leads to difficult communication and increased procedural costs, and thus it limits healthcare players from developing a better understanding and know-how of patients’ traceability that could further boost innovation and development of the best-fitted health services. PatientDataChain blockchain-based technology is a novel approach, based on a decentralized healthcare infrastructure that incorporates a trust layer in the healthcare value chain. Our aim was to provide an integrated vision based on interoperability principles, that relies on the usage of specific sensors from various wearable devices, allowing us to collect specific data from patients’ medical records. Interconnecting different healthcare providers, the collected data is integrated into a unitary personal health records (PHR) system, where the patient is the owner of his/her data. The decentralized nature of PatientDataChain, based on blockchain technology, leveraged the proper context to create a novel and improved data-sharing and exchange system, which is secure, flexible, and reliable. This approach brings increased benefits to data confidentiality and privacy, while providing secure access to patient medical records. This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental validation of our proposed system, called PatientDataChain. The original contributions of our paper include the definition of the concept of unifying the entire healthcare value chain, the design of the architectural model of the system, the development of the system components, as well as the validation through a proof of concept (PoC) conducted with a medical clinic from Bucharest, using a dataset of 100 patients and over 1000 transactions. The proof of concept demonstrated the feasibility of the model in integrating the personal health records from heterogeneous sources (healthcare systems and sensors) in a unified, decentralized PHR system, with enhanced data exchange among healthcare players.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

PatientDataChain: A Blockchain-Based Approach to Integrate Personal Health Records

Cernian

Tiganoaia

Sacală

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…In the case of the public blockchain, it is difficult since the nodes exist worldwide. The situation is different in the case of private and federated blockchain since the nodes are spread over a fixed region [45], [58], [48]. Therefore, private and federated blockchains are preferred to comply with the territorial scope.…”

Section: ) Territorial Scope (Article 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior literature discussed secure data exchange enabled, trustworthy, traceable, and decentralized data management models [29,57] for healthcare data storage and transaction. Bayle et al [42], Stan et al [58] and Zheng et al [65] discussed the off-chain storage architecture of healthcare data management. Instead of storing the original data in the blockchain, only the proof of existence is stored in onchain.…”

Section: ) Healthcarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The link between, onchain and off-chain can be destroyed for the data deletion upon consent deletion. In addition, Stan et al [58] discussed the geographical location of data storage issues. Zemler et al [29] analyzed the compliance issues for healthcare sectors and discussed the confidentiality, integrity, and trustworthiness of the data that the blockchain system provides.…”

Section: ) Healthcarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consent revoked upon destroying the communication link between on chain and off-chain storage [42,58];  Focused on the geographic region of data storage [58].…”

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confidence: 99%

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GDPR Compliant Blockchains–A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Although blockchain-based digital services promise trust, accountability, and transparency, multiple paradoxes between blockchains and GDPR have been highlighted in the recent literature. Some of the recent literature also proposed possible solutions to these paradoxes. This article aims to conduct a systematic literature review on GDPR compliant blockchains and synthesize the findings. In particular, the goal was to identify 1) the GDPR articles that have been explored in prior literature; 2) the relevant research domains that have been explored, and 3) the research gaps. Our findings synthesized that the blockchains relevant GDPR articles can be categorized into six major groups, namely data deletion and modification (Article 16, 17, and 18), protection by design by default (Article 25), responsibilities of controllers and processors (Article 24, 26, and 28), consent management (Article 7), data processing principles and lawfulness (Article 5,6 and 12), and territorial scope (Article 3). We also found seven research domains where GDPR compliant blockchains have been discussed, which include IoT, financial data, healthcare, personal identity, online data, information governance, and smart city. From our analysis, we have identified a few key research gaps and present a future research direction.

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