New epoxy/silica‐titania hybrid materials prepared by the sol–gel process

Lu, Shaorong; Zhang, Ye; Zhao, Caixian; Wang, Xiayu

doi:10.1002/app.23742

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The intensity of Ti-O-Ti increases with increase in content of titania. Further the peaks at 1,735 and 1,543 cm -1 corresponding to C=O stretching and C-N combined N-H stretching confirms the urethane linkage between ICPTS and benzoxazine [17].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy

Selvi

Devaraju

Vengatesan

et al. 2014

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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In the present work, silica and titania reinforced polybenzoxazine (PBZ-SiO 2 -TiO 2 ) hybrid nanomaterial possessing high surface free energy have been developed using dimethylol-functional benzoxazine monomer (4HBA-BZ), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), 3-(isocyanatopropyl)triethoxysilane (ICPTS), titaniumisopropoxide (TIPO) through an in situ sol-gel process. Data obtained from the contact angle measurement indicate that the hybrid materials are hydrophilic in nature and possess a high surface free energy. For example, hybrid PBZ obtained from 1:1:0.6:0.4 (m:m:w:w) ratio of 4HBA-BZ:ICPTS:TEOS:TIPO (PB ST 4 ) exhibit a high surface free energy of 38.2 mJm -2 which is higher than that of neat polybenzoxazine (29.5 mJm -2 ). Further data resulted from thermal studies indicate that the hybrid PBZ possess higher values of T g , thermal stability and char yield than those of neat PBZ.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Silica and titania frame work have been introduced through hybridisation with organic polymer to obtain a remarkable thermal stability and hydrophilic nature of the resulting hybrid polymer composites [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy

Selvi

Devaraju

Vengatesan

et al. 2014

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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show abstract

“…Moreover, the Tformation side chain of IPTS modified epoxy might increase the steric hindrance and decrease the thermal stability. The nanocomposites show high IPDT value (968) and LOI value (30). The excellent thermal stability and flammability can be attributed to the P/Si synergistic effect of the DPPETES type ladderlike polysilsesquioxan or DPPETES monomer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Thermal degradation and flammability of P/Si polysilsesquioxane epoxy nanocomposites

Chiu

Chen‐Chi

Liu

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A thermal stable epoxy nanocomposite prepared from the 4,4 0 -diglycidylether bisphenol A (DGEBA) and the P/Si ladder-like polysilsesquioxane (PSSQ). The activation energies of thermal degradation were calculated by Kissinger's and Ozawa's methods. The higher ladderlike PSSQ content not only increase the oligomer content but also generate the steric hindrance. Which steric hindrance influence the epoxy/amine curing reaction of the modified epoxy system was more than the pristine DGEBA epoxy system. The P-Si synergistic effect on the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was discussed.

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“…A alkoxysilane solution of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as silicon oxide (-O-Si-O-) network precursor containing TEOS, H 2 O, catalyst (HNO 3 ), and ethanol of 61, 14, 0.5, and 24.5 wt.%, respectively, is prepared in agreement to (Ref [31][32][33][34]. The solution was treated by the UDM process employing simultaneous use of impeller stirring and ultrasonic vibration for 15 min.…”

Section: Preparation Of Epoxy-silicon Hybrid Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy-Silicon Oxide Hybrid Materials

Ghosh

Kumar

2015

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Ultrasonic dual mixing (UDM) process involving ultrasonic vibration with simultaneous stirring is used to prepare epoxy-silicon oxide hybrid materials with inorganic nanoscale building blocks by incorporating nanoscale silicon oxide network in epoxy matrix. The silicon oxide network is obtained from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) by using the in situ sol-gel process. Same epoxy-silica hybrid materials were also prepared by mixing with simple impeller stirring, and its properties were compared with the material of same composition prepared by the UDM process. The epoxy-silicon oxide hybrid materials are characterized by using FT-IR, DSC, FESEM, and XRD techniques. The glass transition temperature, tensile strength, and elastic modulus of the epoxy-silicon oxide hybrid materials treated by UDM process are found comparatively better than those of the materials processed by a rotating impeller. FESEM studies confirm that amount of TEOS varies the distribution and size of silicon oxide network, which remains relatively finer at lower content of TEOS. Significant improvement of thermal and mechanical properties of the neat epoxy is noted in the presence of 3.05 wt.% TEOS content in it is giving rise to the formation of inorganic building block of silicon oxide of size 88 ± 45 nm in the matrix. In this regard, the use of UDM process is found superior to mixing by simple impeller stirring for enhancement of properties of epoxy-silicon oxide hybrid materials. Lowering of properties of the epoxy-silicon oxide hybrid materials with TEOS addition beyond 3.05 wt.% up to 6.1 wt.% occurs primarily due to increase of amount and size (up to 170 ± 82 nm) of the inorganic building block in the matrix.

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New epoxy/silica‐titania hybrid materials prepared by the sol–gel process

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy

Development of polybenzoxazine–silica–titania (PBZ–SiO2–TiO2) hybrid nanomaterials with high surface free energy

Thermal degradation and flammability of P/Si polysilsesquioxane epoxy nanocomposites

Studies on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy-Silicon Oxide Hybrid Materials

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