New Energy Efficient Multi-Hop Routing Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks: Static and Dynamic Techniques

Abstract

The performance of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) faces a number of challenges. Of these challenges, energy consumption is considered a hot research area. Most WSN energy is used in transmitting the data from the sensor nodes either among each other or to a Base Station (BS). For this reason, many routing protocols have been developed to facilitate the data dissemination in the WSNs. One of these protocols, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) has provided a distinctive hierarchical approach that efficiently forwards the nodes data to the BS, but it suffers from increased energy consumption and a significant decline in the network performance in the case of large-scale networks. This paper aims to present a new approach for splitting the whole sensor network into several levels. Thus, every node will be acting accordingly on its position and status. Further, two techniques, a static one and a dynamic one, have been developed to route the data between the levels. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed techniques prolong the lifespan, improve the stability and raise the throughput of the network compared with the LEACH, the Improved MHT-LEACH (IMHT-LEACH), and the Enhancing DMHT-LEACH (EDMHT-LEACH) protocols.

Energy Efficient Fuzzy Based Dynamic Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network

“…Emad Alnawafa et. al [2] have analyzed two techniques which are Digital Mobile Radio(DMR) and Split Multi-path Routing(SMR). He proposed a new technology for the WSN that depends on the area leveling.…”

“…The simulation result have uses the benchmark performance metrics throughput, average end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, and energy consumption for the performance evaluation purpose. Shio Kumar Singh et.al [14] have surveyed a sample of routing protocols by taking into account several classification criteria, including location information, network layering and in-network processing, data centricity, path redundancy, network dynamics, QoS requirements, and network heterogeneity. Although some efforts have been devoted to the design of routing and data dissemination protocols for 3D sensing applications, we believe that these first-step attempts are in their infancy, and more powerful and efficient protocols are required to satisfactorily address all problems that may occur.…”

“…Apart from energy optimization providing secure routing is a major concern. The nodes in wsn are vulnerable to various security attacks [14] [15] which are caused through injection of malicious data along with payload or data packets When the malicious data is injected, with the normal data, the malicious data compromises the network and nodes fails to provide intended services [18] motivated from all these observations. In this paper a novel dynamic based secured routing protocols is proposed when can able to provide dynamic based secured routing in wireless sensor network.…”

Design and Simulation of AI Based Dynamic Deployment Algorithm for WSN using NS3

“…Over the period of two decades, WSN is evolving as one of the wildest growing technologies with its boundless applications in the field of agriculture, monitoring military, environment, healthcare, habitat monitoring etc., It is collection of distributed sensor nodes also called as 'motes' [1][2][3][4] [10]. These motes are responsible for sensing, transportation and computation of data.…”

“…According to the study of dynamic deployment algorithms there are two main algorithms Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which result in the better performance of WSN for data transmission [10][11]. i. Emad Alnawafa et al [3] emphasized the research to present a new method by dividing the complete network into various levels. By following this, every node in the network acts according to its respective position or location and status.…”