New distributional records for Chilean bryophyte and lichen flora

León, Carolina A.; Oliván, Gisela; Pino-Bodas, Raquel

doi:10.4067/s0717-66432013000200005

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Th e presence of the bipolar element in the lichen biota in South America has also been highlighted in several studies (e.g., Messuti et al, 2003 ;Bjerke and Elvebakk, 2004 ). Some relatively common northern hemisphere species in families Cladoniaceae ( Stenroos and Ahti, 1990 ;León et al, 2013 ), Physciaceae ( Elvebakk and Moberg, 2002 ), and Parmeliaceae ( Stenroos, 1991 ;Elvebakk et al, 2014 ) have been reported from southernmost South America. A regional study focused on the lichen mycobiota of Aysén (44-47 ° S, southern Chile) revealed that ca.…”

Section: History Of the Bipolar Lichen Research -Th E Eminent Naturalmentioning

confidence: 83%

Past, present, and future research in bipolar lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts

Garrido‐Benavent

Pérez‐Ortega

2017

American J of Botany

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Compared to other organisms, such as vascular plants or mosses, lichen-forming fungi have a high number of species occurring in both northern and southern hemispheres but are largely absent from intermediate, tropical latitudes. For instance, ca. 160 Antarctic species also occur in polar areas or mountainous temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Early interpretations of this particular distribution pattern were made in terms of vicariance or long-distance dispersal. However, it was not until the emergence of phylogenetics and the possibility of dating past diversifi cation and colonization events that these initial hypotheses started to be evaluated. The premise of a relatively recent colonization of the southern hemisphere by boreal lichens through long-distance dispersal has gained support in recent studies based on either the comparison of genetic affi nities (i.e., tree topology) or more robust, statistical migratory models. Still, the scarcity of such studies and a concern that taxonomic concepts for bipolar lichens are often too broad preclude the generation of sound explanations on the mechanisms and origin of such fascinating disjunct distributions.This review provides an up-to-date overview of bipolar distributions in lichen-forming fungi and their photobionts. Evidence provided by recent, molecular-based studies as well as data on the type of lichen reproduction, dispersal ability, photobiont identity and availability, and habitat preferences are brought together to discuss how and when these distributions originated and their genetic footprints. Ideas for future prospects and research are also discussed.

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Section: History Of the Bipolar Lichen Research -Th E Eminent Naturalmentioning

confidence: 83%

Past, present, and future research in bipolar lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts

Garrido‐Benavent

Pérez‐Ortega

2017

American J of Botany

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“…They are characterized by high values of diversity (Table 1), with a large number of endemic species of southern South America . Moreover, new records for the bryophyte flora of the island and Chile have been found (León et al 2013). In addition, even when all species growing in AP belong to the Valdivian ecoregion and it is not possible to attribute them to other biomes, these ecosystems show a singular composition of species that did not previously occur when they were TF (before clearcutting).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of bryophyte and lichen diversity in bogs and <em>Tepualia stipularis</em> forests of Northern Patagonia (Chile): evidence of a novel ecosystem in southern South America

et al. 2016

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Bryophytes and lichens are an important component of biodiversity. Nevertheless, these cryptogamic groups are rarely included in floristic and ecological studies in southern South America. We present the first comparison of patterns of alpha and beta diversity of bryophytes and macrolichens in peatlands and Tepualia stipularis forests (TF) on Isla Grande de Chiloé, Chile. Two kinds of Sphagnum peatlands were studied, which were defined according to their origin and their vegetation, natural peatlands (GP) and anthropogenic peatlands (AP). A total of 86 species were found: 42 liverworts, 29 mosses and 14 lichens. The most species-rich sites were AP with a total of 52 species, followed by TF with 45 species, and GP with 21 species. The total bryo-lichenic diversity reported in this study was considerably higher than that reported in other studies for Patagonian peatlands. The three types of studied habitats showed significant differences in species richness and diversity indices. We found clear distinctions between the three habitat types, with significant differences in the floristic composition of GP, AP, and TP. Moreover, AP presented a species composition that has not been previously documented in TF or GP. They are the result of human action, but do not depend on continued human intervention for their maintenance. Therefore, here we propose to denominate AP as a novel ecosystem.

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“…According to our results, the number of species registered in this study clearly shows the relevance of these ecosystems in the conservation of biodiversity, especially in Chiloé, where peatlands and tepuales represent a low percentage of the area of the island. In a study complementing the one presented here we have reported three species and one sub-species new to Chiloé Province, five species new to los Lagos Region and one species new to Chile; thus highlighting the importance of these wetlands in the context of Chilean biodiversity (León & al., 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bryophytes and lichens in peatlands and <em>Tepualia stipularis</em> swamp forests of Isla Grande de Chiloé (Chile)

León

Oliván

Larraín

et al. 2014

Anal. Jard. Bot. Madr.

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One hundred and twenty-nine taxa of bryophytes and lichens were found in peatlands (Sphagnum bogs) and swamp forests of Tepualia stipularis of Isla Grande de Chiloé (Chile) (41°-43°S, 73°-74°W). Forty eight percent of these species are endemic to southern South America. The range of most species spans from Los Rios Region to Magallanes Region. Fifty mosses, 52 liverworts, and 27 macrolichens were reported. Global and national distributions and habitat preferences are given for each species.

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New distributional records for Chilean bryophyte and lichen flora

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Past, present, and future research in bipolar lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts

Past, present, and future research in bipolar lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts

Patterns of bryophyte and lichen diversity in bogs and <em>Tepualia stipularis</em> forests of Northern Patagonia (Chile): evidence of a novel ecosystem in southern South America

Bryophytes and lichens in peatlands and <em>Tepualia stipularis</em> swamp forests of Isla Grande de Chiloé (Chile)

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