New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer

Schneider, David; Chen, Herbert

doi:10.3322/caac.21195

Cited by 269 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common histological type of thyroid cancer, representing 80% of all cases of thyroid cancer and 85% of cases of differentiated thyroid cancer (2,3). PTC is 2.9-3.8 times more common in women than in men (4), and is more common in regions associated with a high dietary intake of iodine (5). In the United States, the incidence of PTC is 1.56-3.58/100,000 men and 4.9-10.96/100,000 women (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Dou

Zhang

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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Abstract. HRas proto-oncogene (HRAS) is one of the most commonly mutated genes in thyroid cancer, with mutations frequently occurring in the follicular and Hurthle cell subtypes. However, the contribution of mutations in HRAS to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) progression and the tall-cell variant (TCV) is poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the somatic genetic variants present in HRAS in patients with PTC, and to investigate the association of these mutations with PTC. The present study is a retrospective case-control study using tumor samples collected from 139 patients with PTC and blood samples from 195 healthy individuals. All patient samples were screened for mutations in 'hotspot' regions of HRAS and B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) by single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis, followed by direct sequencing. A novel variant (IVS1-82del gctgggcctggg) in the HRAS 5'-untranslated region was identified. There was no difference in age or sex of patients with PTC and the healthy controls; however, the HRAS variant was more frequently detected in PTC tissue than in the healthy control samples (37 vs. 26%, P=0.04). There was no association between the HRAS variant and age, sex, tumor size, encapsulation, multifocality/intra-thyroidal spread, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, history of Hashimoto's disease, BRAF V600E mutation or PTC subtype (all P>0.05). There were differences of BRAF V600E distribution among different subtypes (χ 2 =6.390, P=0.041). HRAS variant co-occurring with the BRAF V600E mutation accounted for 31.6% of the total number (P=0.196). Therefore, this novel variant of HRAS (IVS1-82del gctgggcctggg) may be associated with PTC; however, larger scale studies are required to assess the contribution of this novel HRAS variant to PTC progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, the incidence of PTC is 1.56-3.58/100,000 men and 4.9-10.96/100,000 women (4). PTC is usually associated with a more positive prognosis than follicular thyroid cancer; however, certain subtypes are more aggressive than others (5). Of the PTC subtypes, the tall-cell variant (TCV) is among the most aggressive (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Dou

Zhang

et al. 2018

Oncol Lett

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“…Although most well-differentiated thyroid cancers have a good prognosis, a small percentage of these tumors are associated with recurrence and metastatic disease. Multidisciplinary treatment strategies are used for thyroid cancer, including surgical resection, targeted or cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of different treatments (Schneider & Chen 2013). A small percentage of patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancers develop rapidly progressive disease, which is resistant to treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem-like cells and thyroid cancer

Guo¹,

Hardin²,

Lloyd³

2014

Endocrine Related Cancer

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Thyroid cancer is one of the most rapidly increasing malignancies. The reasons for this increase is not completely known, but increases in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas along with the enhanced detection of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are probably all contributing factors. Although most cases of well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas are associated with an excellent prognosis, a small percentage of patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas as well as most patients with poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas have recurrent and/or metastatic disease that is often fatal. The cancer stem-like cell (CSC) model suggests that a small number of cells within a cancer, known as CSCs, are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as for recurrent and metastatic disease. This review discusses current studies about thyroid CSCs, the processes of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition that provide plasticity to CSC growth, in addition to the role of microRNAs in CSC development and regulation. Understanding the biology of CSCs, EMT and the metastatic cascade should lead to the design of more rational targeted therapies for highly aggressive and fatal thyroid cancers.

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“…The most common histologic subtype of thyroid cancer is papillary carcinoma, followed by follicular carcinoma. The definitive therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer is surgical thyroidectomy, with or without adjuvant radioiodine therapy, depending on histologic information and the presence of residual, unresectable, and metastatic disease (4)(5)(6)(7). Chemotherapy or radiotherapy may also be used in cases of distant metastases or an advanced cancer stage (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Risk of Breast Cancer in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Receiving or Not Receiving ¹³¹I Treatment: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

Lin

Huang

et al. 2015

J Nucl Med

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An increased risk of second primary malignancy after 131 I therapy has been reported. The objective of this study was to determine the risk of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer receiving or not receiving radioiodine treatment in Taiwan. Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database from 2000 to 2011. A total of 10,361 female patients with thyroid cancer (3,292 did not receive 131 I treatment and 7,069 received 131 I treatment) were enrolled, and 41,444 female controls were frequency-matched to the thyroid cancer patients in a 1:4 ratio by age (5-y age group). A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the risk of breast cancer in thyroid cancer patients receiving or not receiving 131 I treatment in terms of hazard ratios and 95% and 98% confidence intervals. Results: The incidence rates of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer receiving 131 I therapy, those not receiving 131 I therapy, and controls were 18.9, 17.7, and 13.1 per 10,000 person-years, respectively. Compared with patients with thyroid cancer treated with a cumulative 131 I dose of 4.44 GBq or less, the risk of breast cancer was not significantly increased in those treated with a cumulative 131 I dose of more than 4.44 GBq (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-1.21, P 5 0.26; 98% confidence interval, 0.45-1.33, P . 0.02). Conclusion: The greatest increased risk of breast cancer in patients with thyroid cancer is associated with the fact that the patient has thyroid cancer regardless of 131 I administration. However, 131 I further increased that risk but not as much as just having thyroid cancer.

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New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer

Cited by 269 publications

References 213 publications

Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Cancer stem-like cells and thyroid cancer

Risk of Breast Cancer in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Receiving or Not Receiving ¹³¹I Treatment: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

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New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer

Cited by 269 publications

References 213 publications

Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Identification of a novel HRAS variant and its association with papillary thyroid carcinoma

Cancer stem-like cells and thyroid cancer

Risk of Breast Cancer in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Receiving or Not Receiving 131I Treatment: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

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Product

Resources

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Risk of Breast Cancer in Patients with Thyroid Cancer Receiving or Not Receiving ¹³¹I Treatment: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study