New details of the neural architecture of the salmonid adipose fin

Ja, Buckland-Nicks

doi:10.1111/jfb.13098

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These data show that novel appendages can evolve by individuation of a domain of a plesiomorphic fin fold. Additionally, adipose fins that develop from the LMFF can evolve skeleton 3, 32, 42 , musculature 31 , and sensory anatomy (here and 43, 44 ). For example, in C. aeneus the domain of the LMFF that contributes to the adipose fin is transformed over ontogeny by the migration and growth of new fin-associated tissues into the territory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adipose fin of the brown trout, Salmo trutta (Salmonidae), a euteleost, is also invested with sensory nerve fibers and also hypothesized to detect fin movement 43, 44, 65, 66 . These nerves terminate upon associated astrocyte-like cells, which are hypothesized to detect the deformation of collagen fibers that span the left-and-right sides of the adipose fin 43, 44 . The organization of collagen is similar to what has been described in the LMFF of D. rerio 67 , indicating that many structural components of the LMFF are retained over ontogeny and that sensory anatomy is reorganized over ontogeny in this lineage, similar to C. aeneus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Stewart

Hale

2018

Preprint

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The dorsal, anal and caudal fins of vertebrates are proposed to have originated by the partitioning and transformation of the continuous median fin fold that is plesiomorphic to chordates. Evaluating this hypothesis has been challenging, because it is unclear how the median fin fold relates to the adult median fins of vertebrates. To understand how new median fins originate, here we study the development and diversity of adipose fins. Phylogenetic mapping shows that in all lineages except Characoidei (Characiformes) adipose fins develop from a domain of the larval median fin fold. To inform how the larva’s median fin fold contributes to the adipose fin, we study Corydoras aeneus (Siluriformes). As the fin fold reduces around the prospective site of the adipose fin, a fin spine develops in the fold, growing both proximally and distally, and sensory innervation, which appears to originate from the recurrent ramus of the facial nerve and from dorsal rami of the spinal cord, develops in the adipose fin membrane. Collectively, these data show how a plesiomorphic median fin fold can serve as scaffolding for the evolution and development of novel, individuated median fins, consistent with the median fin fold hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Stewart

Hale

2018

Preprint

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“…The removal of the adipose fin in salmonids is a common procedure used particularly for distinguishing between hatchery-reared and wild fishes. The adipose fin lacks musculature and skeletal structures; however, its assumed vestigial role has recently been challenged with evidence of extensive nervous tissue and mechanosensory function (Aiello et al 2016;Buckland-Nicks et al 2012;Buckland-Nicks, 2016).…”

Section: External and Internal Tagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical considerations in fish research

Sloman

Bouyoucos

Brooks

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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Fishes are used in a wide range of scientific studies, from conservation research with potential benefits to the species used to biomedical research with potential human benefits. Fish research can take place in both laboratories and field environments and methods used represent a continuum from non‐invasive observations, handling, through to experimental manipulation. While some countries have legislation or guidance regarding the use of fish in research, many do not and there exists a diversity of scientific opinions on the sentience of fish and how we determine welfare. Nevertheless, there is a growing pressure on the scientific community to take more responsibility for the animals they work with through maximising the benefits of their research to humans or animals while minimising welfare or survival costs to their study animals. In this review, we focus primarily on the refinement of common methods used in fish research based on emerging knowledge with the aim of improving the welfare of fish used in scientific studies. We consider the use of anaesthetics and analgesics and how we mark individuals for identification purposes. We highlight the main ethical concerns facing researchers in both laboratory and field environments and identify areas that need urgent future research. We hope that this review will help inform those who wish to refine their ethical practices and stimulate thought among fish researchers for further avenues of refinement. Improved ethics and welfare of fishes will inevitably lead to increased scientific rigour and is in the best interests of both fishes and scientists.

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“…Noteworthy in the context of fish welfare is that the resection of the adipose fin significantly reduces the swimming efficiency of O. mykiss juveniles in a flowing current [22]. Subsequent studies proved the innervation of the adipose fin in brown trout Salmo trutta [23] and a mechanoreceptive function of the adipose fin in catfish Corydoras aeneus [24]. These studies underscore that the adipose fin is not a useless body appendage, as originally claimed [25], but a mechanosensor contributing to optimal swimming performance [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Profiling in the Adipose Fin of Salmonid Fishes Supports Its Function as a Flow Sensor

Koll

Ribera

Brunner

et al. 2019

Genes

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In stock enhancement and sea-ranching procedures, the adipose fin of hundreds of millions of salmonids is removed for marking purposes annually. However, recent studies proved the significance of the adipose fin as a flow sensor and attraction feature. In the present study, we profiled the specific expression of 20 neuron- and glial cell-marker genes in the adipose fin and seven other tissues (including dorsal and pectoral fin, brain, skin, muscle, head kidney, and liver) of the salmonid species rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and maraena whitefish Coregonus maraena. Moreover, we measured the transcript abundance of genes coding for 15 mechanoreceptive channel proteins from a variety of mechanoreceptors known in vertebrates. The overall expression patterns indicate the presence of the entire repertoire of neurons, glial cells and receptor proteins on the RNA level. This quantification suggests that the adipose fin contains considerable amounts of small nerve fibers with unmyelinated or slightly myelinated axons and most likely mechanoreceptive potential. The findings are consistent for both rainbow trout and maraena whitefish and support a previous hypothesis about the innervation and potential flow sensory function of the adipose fin. Moreover, our data suggest that the resection of the adipose fin has a stronger impact on the welfare of salmonid fish than previously assumed.

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New details of the neural architecture of the salmonid adipose fin

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Adipose fin development and its relation to the evolutionary origins of median fins

Ethical considerations in fish research

Gene Profiling in the Adipose Fin of Salmonid Fishes Supports Its Function as a Flow Sensor

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