New criteria for supplementation of selected micronutrients in the era of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics

Schwartz, Betty

doi:10.3109/09637486.2014.898258

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…Recently, genetic variations of haptoglobin, polymorphisms in the transporters of AA, and deleted polymorphisms of glutathione- S -transferase have provided genetic information regarding possible relative AA levels [ 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Ascorbic Acid Epigenetic Modulation and Nutrigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C, Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2017

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Accumulating evidence in mice models of accelerated senescence indicates a rescuing role of ascorbic acid in premature aging. Supplementation of ascorbic acid appeared to halt cell growth, oxidative stress, telomere attrition, disorganization of chromatin, and excessive secretion of inflammatory factors, and extend lifespan. Interestingly, ascorbic acid (AA) was also found to positively modulate inflamm-aging and immunosenescence, two hallmarks of biological aging. Moreover, ascorbic acid has been shown to epigenetically regulate genome integrity and stability, indicating a key role of targeted nutrition in healthy aging. Growing in vivo evidence supports the role of ascorbic acid in ameliorating factors linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis, although evidence in humans yielded equivocal results. The neuroprotective role of ascorbic acid not only relies on the general free radical trapping, but also on the suppression of pro-inflammatory genes, mitigating neuroinflammation, on the chelation of iron, copper, and zinc, and on the suppression of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) fibrillogenesis. Epidemiological evidence linking diet, one of the most important modifiable lifestyle factors, and risk of Alzheimer's disease is rapidly increasing. Thus, dietary interventions, as a way to epigenetically modulate the human genome, may play a role in the prevention of AD. The present review is aimed at providing an up to date overview of the main biological mechanisms that are associated with ascorbic acid supplementation/bioavailability in the process of aging and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, we will address new fields of research and future directions.

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Section: Ascorbic Acid Epigenetic Modulation and Nutrigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C, Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2017

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“…Genomic sequencing can provide insight into a vast array of health-related information, from susceptibility to infection [ 65 ] to responses to dietary choices [ 66 ] to geographic ancestry [ 67 ]. Its most common current uses, however, are to identify and diagnose disease, and to inform treatment selections.…”

Section: The Utility and Cost-effectiveness Of Genomic Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Genomic Sequencing

Christensen

Dukhovny

Siebert

et al. 2015

JPM

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Despite dramatic drops in DNA sequencing costs, concerns are great that the integration of genomic sequencing into clinical settings will drastically increase health care expenditures. This commentary presents an overview of what is known about the costs and cost-effectiveness of genomic sequencing. We discuss the cost of germline genomic sequencing, addressing factors that have facilitated the decrease in sequencing costs to date and anticipating the factors that will drive sequencing costs in the future. We then address the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic and pharmacogenomic applications of genomic sequencing, with an emphasis on the implications for secondary findings disclosure and the integration of genomic sequencing into general patient care. Throughout, we ground the discussion by describing efforts in the MedSeq Project, an ongoing randomized controlled clinical trial, to understand the costs and cost-effectiveness of integrating whole genome sequencing into cardiology and primary care settings.

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“…Conversely, the risk of deficiency for carriers of the Hp1 allele (Hp2-1 + Hp1-1 phenotype) was lower and not significant (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 0.80-3.63) after adjusting for BMI, sex, energy intake, use of oral contraceptives, C-reactive protein levels, plasma α-tocopherol, ethnicity, and season (16). Based on this evidence, Schwartz (46) concluded that the required daily vitamin C intake in Hp 2-2 individuals should be higher than other Hp phenotypes.…”

Section: Genetic Variations and Vitamin C Statusmentioning

confidence: 90%

Genetic Variants Shaping Inter-individual Differences in Response to Dietary Intakes—A Narrative Review of the Case of Vitamins

Niforou

Konstantinidou²,

Naska

2020

Front. Nutr.

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Recent advances in the field of nutrigenetics have provided evidence on how genetic variations can impact the individuals' response to dietary intakes. An objective and reliable assessment of dietary exposures should rely on combinations of methodologies including frequency questionnaires, short-term recalls or records, together with biological samples to evaluate markers of intake or status and to identify genetic susceptibilities. In an attempt to present current knowledge on how genetic fingerprints contribute to an individual's nutritional status, we present a review of current literature describing associations between genetic variants and levels of well-established biomarkers of vitamin status in free-living and generally healthy individuals. Based on the outcomes of candidate gene, genome-wide-association studies and meta-analyses thereof, we have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in the vitamins' metabolic pathways. Polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in vitamin metabolism and transport are reported to have an impact on vitamin D status; while genetic variants of vitamin D receptor were most frequently associated with health outcomes. Genetic variations that can influence vitamin E status include SNPs involved in its uptake and transport, such as in SCAR-B1 gene, and in lipoprotein metabolism. Variants of the genes encoding the sodium-dependent vitamin C transport proteins are greatly associated with the body's status on vitamin C. Regarding the vitamins of the B-complex, special reference is made to the widely studied variant in the MTHFR gene. Methodological attributes of genetic studies that may limit the comparability and interpretability of the findings are also discussed. Our understanding of how genes affect our responses to nutritional triggers will enhance our capacity to evaluate dietary exposure and design personalized nutrition programs to sustain health and prevent disease.

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New criteria for supplementation of selected micronutrients in the era of nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics

Cited by 12 publications

References 100 publications

Vitamin C, Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Vitamin C, Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Assessing the Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Genomic Sequencing

Genetic Variants Shaping Inter-individual Differences in Response to Dietary Intakes—A Narrative Review of the Case of Vitamins

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