New constraints on exotic spin-dependent interactions with an ensemble-NV-diamond magnetometer

Liang, Hang; Jiao, Man; Huang, Yue; Yu, Pei; Ye, Xiangyu; Wang, Ya; Xie, Yijin; Cai, Yi-Fu; Rong, Xing; Du, Jiangfeng

doi:10.1093/nsr/nwac262

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Such a device could find application as a noncontact detector of pharmaceutical compounds, such as synthetic opioids like fentanyl, which require high sensitivity and a short recovery time (31). Beyond NQR spectroscopy, our device may also be used in applications such as magnetic induction tomography (69,70), underwater communication (71,72), or the search for exotic spin interactions (73)(74)(75).…”

Section: Sensor Comparison For Remote Standoff Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

et al. 2023

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Radio frequency (RF) magnetometers based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond are predicted to offer femtotesla sensitivity, but previous experiments were limited to the picotesla level. We demonstrate a femtotesla RF magnetometer using a diamond membrane inserted between ferrite flux concentrators. The device provides ~300-fold amplitude enhancement for RF magnetic fields from 70 kHz to 3.6 MHz, and the sensitivity reaches ~70 fT√s at 0.35 MHz. The sensor detected the 3.6-MHz nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) of room-temperature sodium nitrite powder. The sensor’s recovery time after an RF pulse is ~35 μs, limited by the excitation coil’s ring-down time. The sodium-nitrite NQR frequency shifts with temperature as −1.00±0.02 kHz/K, the magnetization dephasing time is T 2 *=887±51 μs, and multipulse sequences extend the signal lifetime to 332±23 ms, all consistent with coil-based studies. Our results expand the sensitivity frontier of diamond magnetometers to the femtotesla range, with potential applications in security, medical imaging, and materials science.

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Section: Sensor Comparison For Remote Standoff Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

et al. 2023

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“…To date, only electromagnetic and gravitational interactions have been observed as long-range interactions. However, considerable efforts [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] have been devoted to searching for extra long-range interactions, which could be mediated by axions [27,28], paraphotons [29,30], Z bosons [31], and graviphotons [32]. The discovery of new long-range interactions would have a tremendous impact on our understanding of nature, such as the strong CP problem [33] and dark matter [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic spin-dependent interactions through unparticle exchange

Wu,

Zhang,

Yan

2024

J. High Energ. Phys.

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The potential discovery of unparticles could have far-reaching implications for particle physics and cosmology. For over a decade, high-energy physicists have extensively studied the effects of unparticles. In this study, we derive six types of nonrelativistic potentials between fermions induced by unparticle exchange in coordinate space. We consider all possible combinations of scalar, pseudo-scalar, vector, and axial-vector couplings to explore the full range of possibilities. Previous studies have only examined scalar-scalar (SS), pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar (PP), vector-vector (VV), and axial-axial-vector (AA) type interactions, which are all parity even. We propose SP and VA interactions to extend our understanding of unparticle physics, noting that parity conservation is not always guaranteed in modern physics. We explore the possibilities of detecting unparticles through the long-range interactions they may mediate with ordinary matter. Dedicated experiments using precision measurement methods can be employed to search for such interactions. We discuss the properties of these potentials and estimate constraints on their coupling constants based on existing experimental data. Our findings indicate that for some particular values of the scaling dimension $$ {d}_{\mathcal{U}} $$ d U , the coupling between scalar or vector unparticles and fermions is constrained by several orders of magnitude more tightly than the previous limits. The underlying reason for this improvement is analyzed. Limits are also set on the newly proposed SP and VA interactions for continuous $$ {d}_{\mathcal{U}} $$ d U values, allowing the exploration of the $$ {d}_{\mathcal{U}} $$ d U dependence of the constraints. It turns out that the bounds exhibit an exponential decay trend with the increasing $$ {d}_{\mathcal{U}} $$ d U .

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Spin Polarization Measurement in SERF Comagnetometer Based on Phase‐Frequency Response of Magnetic Field

Cai,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Adv Quantum Tech

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This work presents an innovative approach for measuring the spin polarizations of coupled atomic ensembles in spin‐exchange relaxation‐free (SERF) comagnetometers, using the phase‐frequency response of the magnetic field. The zero‐phase point in the phase‐frequency response of the magnetic field along the ‐axis is examined to determine the deceleration factor and electronic magnetic field. Ultimately, the spin polarizations of electrons and noble‐gas atoms are calculated. The method is applied to test vapor cells with different parameters under various temperatures and pumping light intensities. The measurement errors caused by transverse electron relaxation of electronic spin polarization and nuclear spin polarization are 5.59% and 1.95% under high polarization, and 8.06% and 2.62% under low polarization. The measurement method features minimal impact on nuclear spin polarization and wide applicability compared to other methods, making it more applicable and suitable for SERF comagnetometers. This method has great significance in better understanding the system state of the SERF comagnetometer and improving its sensitivity.

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New constraints on exotic spin-dependent interactions with an ensemble-NV-diamond magnetometer

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

Nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopy with a femtotesla diamond magnetometer

Exotic spin-dependent interactions through unparticle exchange

Spin Polarization Measurement in SERF Comagnetometer Based on Phase‐Frequency Response of Magnetic Field

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