New Configuration and Novel Reclosing Procedure of Distribution System for Utilization of BESS as UPS in Smart Grid

Abstract

This paper proposes a new configuration and novel reclosing procedure of a distribution system with a battery energy storage system (BESS) used as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) in a smart grid. The proposed new configurations of the distribution systems are the installation of a circuit breaker (CB) on both sides of the distribution line, the replacement of the recloser with a CB and protective relay, and the requirement of a communication method. The proposed reclosing procedure performs the reclosing of the CB at the load side and then judges the fault clearance using the load current. If the fault is cleared, the synchronism checking between the main source and the BESS is performed. After completing this, the CB at the main source side is reclosed. The smart grid environment, including a new distribution system, BESS, and reclosing method are modeled with the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP)/ATPDraw. To verify the proposed method, the various simulations according to the fault clearance time are performed and analyzed. The simulation results show that the BESS can be operated as a UPS and successful reclosing is possible.

New Protection Scheme Based on Coordination with Tie Switch in an Open-Loop Microgrid

“…MODELS in ATP is a general-purpose description language supported by an extensive set of simulation tools for the representation and study of time-variant systems. MODELS provides the monitoring and controllability of power systems, as well as some other algebraic and relational operations for programming [26,27]. Figure 8 shows the enlarged voltage waveforms measured at the front of the 206 Section, which is the tie switch connection point in the J feeder for each case.…”

Reclosing scheme using synchronism checking for utilization of BESS in distribution system

“…The bi-directional AC-DC converter works as the interface between the battery and the ac grid. BESS supplies the power via 380 V/ 22.9 kV Y-Y transformer to the distribution system to prevent voltage swell at healthy phase during fault [14,15].…”

“…In this case, the distribution system is exposed to the new challenges in reclosing procedure because the BESS maintains the power service to a healthy phase even at fault conditions. New challenges not considered in conventional reclosing of distribution system are listed below [14,15]. 1) Detection of a faulty phase.…”

“…To utilize the BESS for frequency regulation and peak load shaving, a distribution system must be operated at a steady state [14,15]. The reclosing scheme considering BESS used for these purposes in the distribution system were discussed in [16].…”

New Adaptive Reclosing Technique in Unbalanced Distribution System

“…After the fixed dead time of 0.5 s has elapsed the first reclosing is attempted. If the fault is not cleared, the recloser is re-opened because of the large fault current, and the second reclosing is attempted after 15 s [1].…”