New combinations in Hookerochloa and Poa (Gramineae)

Bull

et al. 2008

Botany

The worldwide temperate subtribe Poinae comprises the largest grass genus, Poa (500+ species), and multiple additional small genera. We explore generic boundaries and relationships among genera of Poinae using nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer data (ITS) and plastid trnT-trnL-trnF (TLF) sequence data. ITS and TLF analyses are mostly congruent with regards to circumscription of genera, and with respect to relationships among Poinae genera, but tree structure is generally better supported among genera in the ITS strict consensus tree. ITS and TLF both support two main Poinae lineages: (i) Poa and (ii) a clade comprising all other sampled Poinae. Nine small genera were nested within the large Poa clade, including Aphanelytrum, Dissanthelium, and Tovarochloa, supporting inclusion of these as sections within Poa. In the second clade, three subclades support close relationships among Nicoraepoa, Hookerochloa, and Arctagrostis; Arctophila and Dupontia; and Apera, Bellardiochloa, and Ventenata. Genera of the related subtribes Alopecurinae, Cinninae, and Miliinae were mixed among or in part external to Poinae in different ways in ITS and TLF analyses, and only subtribe Puccinelliinae was strongly supported and monophyletic. ITS analyses supported placement of Catabrosella, Hyalopoa, and Paracolpodium in Puccinelliinae (no TLF data available). The position of Poa subgenus Arctopoa is incongruent between the two analyses: TLF data support inclusion within Poa and ITS data place it outside of Poa. Similarly, TLF data resolves the genus Aniselytron outside of Poa, whereas ITS data place it within Poa. Based on these results and a consideration of morphology, we recognize Arctopoa and Aniselytron as genera, probably of ancient hybrid origins. Nothogenus ÂDuarctopoa is coined for Arctopoa Â Dupontia, with a single nothospecies ÂDuarctopoa labradorica. A new combination is provided for Poa subg. Sylvestres. Résumé: La sous-tribu des régions tempérées mondiales des Poinae comporte les Poa, le plus grand genre d'herbes avec plus de 500 espèces, ainsi que de multiples petits genres additionnels. Les auteurs ont exploré les limites génériques et les relations au sein des Poinae, en utilisant les données de l'espaceur interne transcrit de l'ADN ribosomique nucléique (ITS) et les données de séquences plastidiques trnT-trnL-trnF (TFL). Les analyses ITS et TFL concordent généralement quant à la circonscription des genres et aux relations entre les genres de Poinae, mais le dendrogramme des genres est générale-ment mieux supporté dans l'arbre ITS à strict consensus. Les ITF et les TFL supportent tous les deux, deux lignées principales de Poinae: (i) Poa et (ii) un clade comportant tous les autres échantillons de Poinae. Neuf petits genres se retrouvent au sein du grand clade Poa, incluant Aphanelytrum, Dissanthelium et Tovarochloa, supportant leur regroupement dans une section les Poa. Dans le second clade, trois sous clades supportent d'étroites relations entre Nicoraepoa, Hookerochloa et Arctagrostis; Arctophila et Dupontia...

Section: Molecular Support For the New Andean Poinae Genus Nicoraepoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships in subtribe Poinae (Poaceae, Poeae) based on nuclear ITS and plastidtrnT–trnL–trnF sequencesThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in the Special Issue on Systematics Research.

Bull

et al. 2008

Botany

“…P. billardierei ( Festuca littoralis Labill., Austrofestuca littoralis, P. triodioides Zotov; Alexeev 1976Alexeev , 1987, and the segregated species P. pubinervis, are both currently placed in P. sect. Austrofestuca (Gillespie and Soreng 2005;Jacobs et al 2008). The latter two species differ in several ways from other Poa (see Hunter et al 2004;Gillespie and Soreng 2005;Soreng and Gillespie 2007), likely because of adaptations to their sand-dune habitat (convergent with P. macrantha Vasey of North America, P. sect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…She recognised 34 endemic (19 newly described), and five introduced species established in Australia. Seven additional endemic species were described (Morris 1989;Walsh 1991Walsh , 2008Weiller et al 2005), and two more native species were added with the inclusion of Austrofestuca s.s. in Poa (Gillespie and Soreng 2005;Jacobs et al 2008, one of which is also indigenous to New Zealand). One species was removed to genus Neuropoa (Clayton and Renvoize 1986), although it is still generally treated as Poa fax Willis & Court in Australian works (Sharp and Simon 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerations of morphological characteristics Jacobs et al 2008), along with plastid and nrDNA phylogenetic hypotheses (Gillespie and Soreng 2005;Gillespie et al 2007, have lead us to treat several genera within Poa (e.g. Anthochloa Nees & Meyen, Austrofestuca s.s., Eremopoa Roshev., Neuropoa, Parodiochloa C.E.Hubb., and Tzvelevia E.B.Alexeev), and exclude a few elements from it (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Austrofestuca s.s. was subsequently treated as P. sect. Austrofestuca (Gillespie and Soreng 2005;Jacobs et al 2008), encompassing the latter two species (as P. billardierei and P. pubinervis; Jacobs et al 2008). For the other two species, the genera Hookerochloa and Festucella, described by Alexeev (1985), were resurrected (Hunter et al 2004;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Saxipoa and Sylvipoa - two new genera and a new classification for Australian Poa (Poaceae: Poinae)

Jacobs

2009

Aust. Systematic Bot.

Morphological and phylogenetic evidence for subtribe Cinninae and two new subtribes, Hookerochloinae and Dupontiinae (Poaceae tribe PoeaePPAMclade)

Bull

et al. 2022

TAXON

Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters of the grass supersubtribe Poodinae (tribe Poeae, PPAM clade) were evaluated with the goal of determining the relationships of single-flowered spikelet genera recently classified in subtribe Cinninae and the sister genus of the New Zealand endemic genus Simplicia. A total of 136 samples representing 40 genera and 105 species were analyzed for three plastid (matK, trnC-rpoB, trnT-trnL-trnF) and two nuclear ribosomal DNA markers (ITS, ETS). The Cinninae subtribe, including Aniselytron, Cinna, Cinnastrum, Cyathopus, and Simplicia, was recovered as monophyletic with weak support only in the combined analysis with known/putative hybrid taxa removed. Cinna (excluding Cinnastrum) resolved as paraphyletic due to the position of the morphologically distinctive Cyathopus. Cinninae are characterized by flat leaf blades, open panicles, small, strongly compressed, single-flowered spikelets, with a rachilla extension, and lemmas that are awnless or with a short subterminal awn. The genus Cinnastrum is resurrected for Cinna poiformis and differs from Cinna in its broader glumes and subterete caryopsis with solid endosperm. Simplicia is likely most closely related to the southern and eastern Asian genus Aniselytron, with which it shares unequal and short lower glumes and spikelet disarticulation above the glumes, in contrast to the other three genera of the subtribe. The HSAQN clade, which has mainly multi-flowered spikelets and is sister to Cinninae, is named subtribe Hookerochloinae, including Arctagrostis, Hookerochloa, Nicoraepoa, Saxipoa, and Sylvipoa. The DAD clade, which is known to be of reticulate origin postulated here as involving Cinninae, is named subtribe Dupontiinae, and includes Arctohyalopoa, Arctophila, Dupontia, and Dupontiopsis. These three subtribes, together with subtribes Alopecurinae, Beckmanniinae, and Ventenatinae (along with Brizochloinae not tested here), make up the well-supported Alopecurinae superclade within supersubtribe Poodinae.