New Clonal Strain ofCandida auris, Delhi, India

Abstract

A new clonal strain of Candida auris is an emerging etiologic agent of fungemia in Delhi, India. In 12 patients in 2 hospitals, it was resistant to fluconazole and genotypically distinct from isolates from South Korea and Japan, as revealed by M13 and amplified fragment length polymorphism typing.

Candida auris: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of current updates on an emerging multidrug‐resistant pathogen

“…auris has been isolated from patients of both sexes and of all age groups. However, preterm or low‐birth weight infants as well as geriatrics are known to be highly at‐risk patients due to their weaker immune systems, such that they have high mortality risk upon being infected with C. auris (Chowdhary et al., ; Newnam & Harris‐Haman, ; Ruiz Gaitán et al., ; Schelenz et al., ; Schwartz & Hammond, ; Tsay et al., ). As geriatrics are more prone to be hospitalized in acute‐care hospitals or long‐term care facilities, it is more likely that they will be exposed to C. auris infections reported from healthcare centers.…”

“…Risk factors associated with C. auris infections are consistently the same in almost all the reported cases worldwide and these include the presence of catheters (urinary, central venous), arterial line, parenteral nutrition, invasive medical procedures (surgeries) and devices, mechanical ventilation, hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays, prior or continual exposure to broad spectrum antifungal or antibiotic therapy, or comorbid disease conditions such as diabetes mellitus and HIV/AIDS (Al‐Siyabi et al., ; Ben‐Ami et al., ; Calvo et al., ; Chowdhary et al., , ; Lee et al., ; Lockhart et al., ; Mohsin et al., ; Morales‐Lopez et al., ; Rudramurthy et al., ; Ruiz Gaitán et al., ; Schelenz et al., ; Tsay et al., ; Vallabhaneni et al., ). It is obvious from these risk factors that invasive devices or procedures easily result in the introduction of and re‐infection with C. auris in most patients, and the removal of catheters resolved several candidemia (Chowdhary et al., ; Lee et al., ; Ruiz Gaitán et al., ).…”

“…Candida auris was first isolated from the ear in 2009 (Kim et al., ; Satoh et al., ), but it has subsequently been reported mostly in BSIs or sepsis and deep‐seated invasive infections (Figure ). Hence, C. auris infections are currently associated with candidaemia, high mortalities (Figure c), persistent fungemia and therapeutic failure as they are difficult to clear from the blood even when they are susceptible (Ben‐Ami et al., ; Chowdhary et al., , ; Vallabhaneni et al., ). In the first organ‐transplantation‐associated C. auris infection case, Azar et al.…”

Diagnosis, management and prevention of Candida auris in hospitals: position statement of the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases

“…An Indian report identified 350 isolates from 10 hospitals collected between 2009 and 2017 . To date, most cases have been reported in adults, with only 29 paediatric cases identified: 23 with candidaemia (including 17 neonates) from South Korea, India and Venezuela; three with chronic otitis media from South Korea and three from unspecified sites …”

First reported case of multidrug-resistant Candida auris in Canada

“…Persistent candidemia (lasting up to three weeks after antifungal initiation) and high mortality rates have been observed (7). A murine model of candidemia suggested that C. auris was nearly as virulent as C. albicans, the predominant cause of invasive candidiasis worldwide (12); precise virulence factors are still being investigated, although some appear to be strain-dependant (13).…”