New Chimeric Porcine Coronavirus in Swine Feces, Germany, 2012

Akimkin, Valerij; Beer, Martin; Blome, Sandra; Hanke, Dennis; Höper, Dirk W.; Jenckel, Maria; Pohlmann, Anne

doi:10.3201/eid2207.160179

Cited by 71 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This study also reported a recombinant TGEV and PEDV sequence identified as SeCoV, which became the possible minor parent regarding the new Hungarian virus sequence reported in this paper. Recently, another SeCoV resembling the Italian virus was found in diarrhoeic faecal samples collected in 2012 in Germany (Akimkin et al, 2016). In this study, it is suggested that these viruses can be targets of recombination events, which is a possibility in our case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus with a recombinant S gene detected in Hungary, 2016

Valkó

Biksi

Cságola

et al. 2017

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) can cause a severe enteric disease affecting pigs of all ages. In January 2016, diarrhoea with occasional vomiting was observed in a small pig farm in Hungary. All animals became affected, while mortality (of up to 30%) was only seen in piglets. Samples from different age groups and the carcass of a piglet were examined by various methods including pathology, bacteriology and molecular biology. PEDV was confirmed by PCR and its whole genome sequence was determined. The sequence PEDV HUN/5031/2016 showed high identity with recently reported European viruses. Differences were found mostly in the S gene, where recombination was detected with a newly identified and already recombinant swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) from Italy. The present report describes the first porcine epidemic diarrhoea outbreak in Hungary after many years and gives an insight into the genetics of the Hungarian PEDV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus with a recombinant S gene detected in Hungary, 2016

Valkó

Biksi

Cságola

et al. 2017

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…Meanwhile, recombination between coinfected viruses may also occur. New swine enteric coronaviruses were generated by recombination with PEDV and TGEV and spread across central Eastern European countries during 2012 and 2016 (Akimkin et al, ; Belsham et al, ; Boniotti et al, ). Recombination might create more virulent enteric virus strains or new viruses, leading to potential outbreaks or pandemics of swine viral diarrhoea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a multiplex RT‐PCR for the detection of major diarrhoeal viruses in pig herds in China

Ding

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The major enteric RNA viruses in pigs include porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine rotavirus A (PRV‐A), porcine kobuvirus (PKV), porcine sapovirus (PSaV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). For differential diagnosis, a multiplex RT‐PCR method was established on the basis of the N genes of TGEV, PEDV and PDCoV, the VP7 gene of PRV‐A, and the polyprotein genes of PKV and PSaV. This multiplex RT‐PCR could specifically detect TGEV, PEDV, PDCoV, PRV‐A, PKV and PSaV without cross‐reaction to any other major viruses circulating in Chinese pig farms. The limit of detection of this method was as low as 100–101 ng cDNA of each virus. A total of 398 swine faecal samples collected from nine provinces of China between October 2015 and April 2017 were analysed by this established multiplex RT‐PCR. The results demonstrated that PDCoV (144/398), PSaV (114/398), PEDV (78/398) and PRV‐A (70/398) were the main pathogens, but TGEV was not found in the pig herds in China. In addition, dual infections, for example, PDCoV + PSaV, PDCoV + PRV‐A, PRA‐V + PSaV and PEDV + PDCoV, and triple infections, for example, PDCoV + PRV‐A + PSaV and PEDV + PDCoV + PKV, were found among the collected samples. The multiplex RT‐PCR provided a valuable tool for the differential diagnosis of swine enteric viruses circulating in Chinese pig farms and will facilitate the prevention and control of swine diarrhoea in China.

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“…There are six different porcine CoVs described so far: alphacoronaviruses transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), with porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) as a variant, and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), the neurotropic betacoronavirus porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV), and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) (de Groot et al, 2012). Recently, a swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV) that is a recombinant between TGEV and PEDV has been described (Akimkin et al, 2016; Boniotti et al, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence factors in porcine coronaviruses and vaccine design

et al. 2016

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Porcine enteric coronaviruses (CoVs) cause severe disease in the porcine herds worldwide, leading to important economic losses. Despite the knowledge of these viruses since the 1970’s, vaccination strategies have not been implemented, leading to continuous re-emergence of novel virulent strains. Live attenuated vaccines historically have been the most efficient. We consider that the new trend is the development of recombinant vaccines by using reverse genetics systems to engineer attenuated viruses, which could be used as effective and safe modified live vaccine candidates. To this end, host cell signaling pathways influencing porcine CoV virulence should be identified. Similarly, the identity of viral proteins involved in the modulation of host cell pathways influencing CoV pathogenesis should be analyzed. With this information, and using reverse genetics systems, it is possible to design viruses with modifications in the viral proteins acting as virulence factors, which may lead to attenuated viruses and, therefore, vaccine candidates. In addition, novel antiviral drugs may be developed once the host cell pathways and the molecular mechanism affecting porcine CoV replication and virulence are known. This review is focused in the host cell responses to enteric porcine CoV infection and the viral proteins involved in pathogenesis.

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New Chimeric Porcine Coronavirus in Swine Feces, Germany, 2012

Cited by 71 publications

References 2 publications

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus with a recombinant S gene detected in Hungary, 2016

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus with a recombinant S gene detected in Hungary, 2016

Development of a multiplex RT‐PCR for the detection of major diarrhoeal viruses in pig herds in China

Virulence factors in porcine coronaviruses and vaccine design

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