New Characteristics in the Fermentation Process of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) “Super Árbol” in La Joya de los Sachas, Ecuador

Sanchez-Capa, Maritza; Viteri-Sanchez, Samuel; Burbano-Cachiguango, Armando; Abril-Donoso, Mauricio; Vargas-Tierras, Tannia; Suarez-Cedillo, Sandra; Mestanza-Ramón, Carlos

doi:10.3390/su14137564

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the concentration of cocoa bean extract has an effect on the formation of clear zones on Streptococcus mutans bacteria. As in the research, Streptococcus mutans has antibacterial properties (Kiros et al, 2022), and cocoa bean extract as a natural material in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans (Sanchez-Capa et al, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Biji Kakao Terhadap Diameter Zona Bening Pada Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

Rohmatin,

Suparno

2023

jppipa, pendidikan ipa, fisika, biologi, kimia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocoa beans can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus Mutans. Utilization of cocoa bean extract as an anti-bacterial inhibitor containing chemical compounds extracted in simplicia aims to increase the content in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and polyphenols. Streptococcus Mutans is a gram-positive facultative anaerobic coccus that is usually found in the human oral cavity and one of the causes of tooth decay or cariogenic bacteria capable of creating an acidic atmosphere in the mouth and can metabolize carbohydrates. This paper describes the effect of the concentration of cocoa bean extract on the diameter of the clear zone of Streptococcus Mutans bacteria. The antibacterial test was carried out using the Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) method, samples of cocoa bean extraction were prepared by maceration method with varying concentrations of 2.5% to 12.5% at 2.5% intervals. With an interval of three hours, measurements were carried out for 48 hours of observation. The results showed that the greater the concentration of cocoa bean extract, the larger the diameter of the clear zone, with the smallest diameter (8.44 ± 1.61) mm (for a concentration of 2.5%) and the largest diameter (9.70 ± 1.66) mm (for a concentration of 12.5%).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Biji Kakao Terhadap Diameter Zona Bening Pada Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

Rohmatin,

Suparno

2023

jppipa, pendidikan ipa, fisika, biologi, kimia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is a plantation crop that provides income to more than 4.5 million families globally [1]. Approximately 89% of the production is supplied by Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, New Guinea, Brazil, Indonesia, and Ecuador [2]. Indonesia is the third-largest cocoa-producing country in the world, contributing about 15% of global cocoa production [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximate Composition and Bioactive Compounds of Cocoa Bean Shells as a By-Product from Cocoa Industries in Indonesia

Djali,

Santasa,

Indiarto

et al. 2023

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cocoa bean shell (CBS) is a by-product from cocoa processing which is abundant in Indonesia, one of the largest cocoa-producing countries. It has a great potential for being processed into food ingredients due to its comparable composition to cocoa nibs. The present study was conducted to identify the proximate composition and bioactive compounds in CBS produced at several cocoa industries in Indonesia utilizing different cocoa varieties (Criollo and Forastero) and processing techniques (fermented, non-fermented, pulp washing, and drying), which remain unknown. The results showed that the CBS derived from roasted Criollo cocoa pods in the Kendeng Lembu cocoa industry had ash and protein content of about 8.21% and 18.79%, respectively, which was higher than other industries. Additionally, the concentration of bioactive substances was higher here than it was elsewhere. This included total phenolic (136.2 mg GAE g−1) and theobromine (22.50 mg g−1). The lowest ash and protein concentration found in CBS was from Forastero cocoa pods, non-fermented like Sulawesi cocoa. These values were 6.48% and 15.70%, respectively. The concentration of theobromine (15.40 mg g−1) was also lower compared to other industries.

show abstract

“…Theobroma cacao (Cocoa) is considered one of the most important raw materials in international trade; it is a source of foreign exchange in 58 producing countries, highlighting that 89% of this production is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Indonesia, Nigeria, Brazil, Ecuador, Malaysia and Cameroon [1]. Cocoa production is sometimes affected by environmental, physical, and chemical factors and inadequate pest and disease control [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Fracture of Aluminium Alloy (AA 2024-T4), Used in the Manufacture of a Bioproducts Plant

Urrego

García‐Beltrán

Arzola

et al. 2023

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aluminium alloy (AA2024-T4) is a material commonly used in the aerospace industry, where it forms part of the fuselage of aircraft and spacecraft thanks to its good machinability and strength/weight ratio. These characteristics allowed it to be applied in the construction of the structure of a pilot plant to produce biological extracts and nano-encapsulated bioproducts for the phytosanitary control of diseases associated with microorganisms in crops of Theobroma Cacao L. (Cacao). The mechanical design of the bolted support joints for this structure implies knowing the performance under fatigue conditions of the AA2024-T4 material since the use of bolts entails the placement of circular stress concentrators in the AA2024-T4 sheet. The geometric correction constant (Y) is a dimensionless numerical scalar used to correct the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack tip during propagation. This factor allows the stress concentration to be modified as a function of the specimen dimensions. In this work, four compact tension specimens were modeled in AA2024-T4, and each one was modified by introducing a second circular stress concentrator varying its size between 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm, respectively. Applying a cyclic load of 1000N, a load ratio R=-1 and a computational model with tetrahedral elements, it was determined that the highest SIF corresponds to the specimen with a 30 mm concentrator with a value close to 460 MPa.mm0.5. Where the crack propagation had a maximum length of 53 mm. Using these simulation data, it was possible to process each one and obtain a mathematical model that calculates the geometric correction constant (Y). The calculated data using the new model was shown to have a direct relationship with the behavior obtained from the simulation.

show abstract

New Characteristics in the Fermentation Process of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) “Super Árbol” in La Joya de los Sachas, Ecuador

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Biji Kakao Terhadap Diameter Zona Bening Pada Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Ekstrak Biji Kakao Terhadap Diameter Zona Bening Pada Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

Proximate Composition and Bioactive Compounds of Cocoa Bean Shells as a By-Product from Cocoa Industries in Indonesia

Mechanical Fracture of Aluminium Alloy (AA 2024-T4), Used in the Manufacture of a Bioproducts Plant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About