New cell for rapid anodic stripping analysis. User-interactive computer program for analysis of anodic stripping data

Abstract

Reported is a cell designed specifically for high speed anodic stripping analysis. Metals amenable to this technique are determined at the 1-ppb level or less within 10 min total analysis time and with a precision of 5%. The cell, which is closed at the bottom and partially open at the top, is rotated at a high rate, thus forcing the sample solution into a thin film which is then sparged of oxygen within 75 sec prior to the analysis. A stirrer of new design and rotated at 180,0 rpm is employed to assure the rapid accumulation of the amalgam. Recommendations for the kinds of waxes suitable for the impregnation of the graphite electrodes employed is given. A step and hold voltage ramp is used in stripping the amalgam and the resulting digitally recorded data are transferred onto magnetic tape for processing with a user interactive program written for the CDC-6600 computer. Two methods for purifying reagent grade KCl are offered. One involves recrystallization; the other, amalgam exchange of electroreducible impurities for aluminum ions.

Potentiometric stripping determination of heavy metals with carbon fiber and gold microelectrodes

“…both preconcentration and stripping cycles. However, deposition of mercury on carbon electrodes results in a coating of mercury droplets rather than a continuous liquid film (13,14). Since the surface area of a carbon fiber is extremely small, it may easily happen that only a few mercury droplets are present on the electrode surface (15); as a consequence the surface of the electrode is heterogeneous.…”

Fabrication and characterization of a Kel-F-graphite composition electrode for general voltammetric applications

“…The electrochemical oxidation potential of NADH shifts slightly with pH; dependencies of -0.011 1 Permanent address, Ecole Nórmale Superieure de l'Enseignement Technique, 94230, Cachan, France. 0003-2700/78/0350-1056S01.00/0 V/pH (10) and -0.017 V/pH (11) were reported at the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and of +0.030 V/pH at the platinum electrode (6,12).…”

“…Experimental curves were displayed on a Houston Instruments Model 2000 X-Y recorder. Stripping samples were contained in a 15-mL ASV ElectRoCell obtained from MPI (12). Glass cells with either polyethylene or Teflon tops were used in all other studies.…”

Effects of background electrolyte and oxygen on trace analysis for lead and cadmium by anodic stripping voltammetry

“…0003-2700/89/0361-2609$01.50/0 Potassium chloride used as salt bridge and calomel electrolyte was reagent grade material, further purified by recrystallization and crystal adsorption (2). Triply distilled mercury was purified by anodic oxidation at +0.3 V against SCE under a continuous slow stream of filtered laboratory air obtained by applying a mild vacuum to the cell.…”

“…Commonly, some property of the sample and/or its environment can be used. As examples, chromatography reduces the effect of sample impurities (1), and sheathed flow detection reduces the effect of sample cell related interferences (2). On the other hand, properties of the laser itself can be used to improve the detection limit, e.g.…”