New bradorid arthropods from the Lower Cambrian of Spain

Hinz‐Schallreuter, Ingelore; Gutiérrez, Rodolfo Gozalo; Liñán, Eladio

doi:10.2113/gsmicropal.53.6.497

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, many bradoriids exhibit a pronounced dorsal cusp, which would have significantly impeded opening of the shields and certainly would have prevented a 180° gape associated with the butterfly position during life (Hinz‐Schallreuter et al . ; Williams et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterflies of the Cambrian benthos? Shield position in bradoriid arthropods

Betts

Brock

Paterson

2016

LET

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Mode of preservation and method of recovery strongly influences our understanding of the life habits of extinct organisms. Bradoriid arthropods were abundant, and diverse members of early Cambrian ecosystems and most life reconstructions display these animals with the two shields of the carapace open in a 'butterfly' configuration. This favoured reconstruction is largely based on the abundance of 'crack-out' specimens preserved in this position (e.g. Kunmingella from the early Cambrian of China). In contrast, large collections of acid processed bradoriids from the Arrowie Basin of South Australia (Cambrian Stage 3) are preserved with a narrow gape at the ventral margin or completely closed with the carapace folded along the dorsal midline. The relative abundance of conjoined, closed (or partially closed) specimens from the lower Cambrian Hawker Group succession suggests that at least some bradoriid taxa were capable of withdrawing appendages and tightly closing the shields, challenging the common view that the majority of bradoriids usually held their carapaces open in a 'butterfly' configuration during life. New data show that layers of the bradoriid carapace are continuous through the dorsal fold with no evidence for complex articulating structures as in ostracod hinges. The relatively pliable, sclerotized or lightly mineralized calcium phosphate composition of the carapace and the simple, flexible dorsal fold facilitated opening and closing of the shields. Despite not being closely related, ostracods share close biomechanical and ecological similarities with bradoriids. The evolution of more complex articulating hinge structures -together with welldeveloped musculature -in ostracods during the Early Ordovician, may have provided more efficient means for shield articulation and movement, thus promoting the ecological success of ostracods throughout the Phanerozoic. □ Bivalved arthropod, bradoriid, carapace and shield, early Cambrian, ostracod.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterflies of the Cambrian benthos? Shield position in bradoriid arthropods

Betts

Brock

Paterson

2016

LET

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“…from the Middle Cambrian of Kazakhstan shows what are interpreted as integumental hemolymph networks, as does Anabarochilina primordialis from the middle Cambrian of Västergötland, Sweden [2]. The genus represents a cosmopolitan, presumably pelagic taxon [5,50]. A single prominent node per valve is present in the cosmopolitan species Anabarochilina australis [51].…”

Section: Bradoriid Generamentioning

confidence: 94%

Bradoriids (Arthropoda) and the Cambrian Diversification

McMenamin

2020

Geosciences

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Bradoriids, among the earliest arthropods to appear in the fossil record, are extinct, ostracod-like bivalved forms that ranged from the early Cambrian to the Middle Ordovician. Bradoriids are notable for having appeared in the Cambrian fossil record before the earliest trilobites, and considering their rapid ascent to high genus-level diversity, provide key data for our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of the Cambrian Explosion. This paper presents a broad review of bradoriid paleobiology. It is hypothesized here that an allele of Antennapedia determines whether bradoriid shields are preplete, amplete, or postplete. The preplete configuration of the shields of Cambroarchilocus tigris gen. nov. sp. nov. suggests that shield rowing motion may have propelled the animal backwards. Arcuate scars attributed here to a microdurophagous predator (Arcuoichnus pierci nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp.) occur on the paratype of Cambroarchilocus tigris gen. nov. sp. nov.

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“…As outlined above, the early Cambrian bradoriid record of West Gondwana (Issendalenian and Banian regional stages) is characterized by the Family Cambriidae Li, 1975 recognized in France and Spain (Vannier et al 2005;Hinz-Schallreuter et al 2008) and the genus Hipponicharion with occurrences in Morocco, Spain, and Germany (Gozalo and Hinz-Schallreuter 2002). A potential svealutid indicates that the Family Svealutidae Öpik, 1968 might also be present in West Gondwana early on.…”

Section: Biogeographic Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Cambrian Bradoriida (Arthropoda) from the Franconian Forest, Germany, with a review of the bradoriids described from West Gondwana and a revision of material from Baltica

Streng

Geyer

2019

PalZ

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Bradoriid arthropods (class Bradoriida) are described for the first time from the lower-middle Cambrian boundary interval (regional Agdzian Stage) of the Franconian Forest in eastern Bavaria, Germany. The specimens originate from the Tannenknock and Triebenreuth formations, which are part of a shallow marine succession deposited at the margin of West Gondwana. Five different forms have been distinguished, Indiana aff. dermatoides (Walcott), Indiana sp., Indota? sp., Pseudobeyrichona monile sp. nov., and an undetermined svealutid, all of which belong to families that have previously been reported from and are typical of West Gondwana. However, at the generic level, all taxa are new for the region. Indiana is typical of shallow marine environments. So far it has been reported from Laurentia, Avalonia, and Baltica, and is considered to characterize the paleogeographic vicinity of Cambrian continents. Pseudobeyrichona has previously only been recorded from South China, and its new occurrence corroborates previous documentation of taxa from South China in northern West Gondwana. The presence of Indiana as a typical "western" taxon and Pseudobeyrichona among other typical "eastern taxa" confirms the unique biogeographical position of West Gondwana. The poorly known Indiana anderssoni (Wiman) and Indiana minima Wiman from the late early Cambrian of Scandinavia have been restudied in order to re-evaluate the two species and to refine the definition of Indiana. Indiana anderssoni represents a distinct species of Indiana, whereas I. minima is a pseudo-fossil.

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New bradorid arthropods from the Lower Cambrian of Spain

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Butterflies of the Cambrian benthos? Shield position in bradoriid arthropods

Butterflies of the Cambrian benthos? Shield position in bradoriid arthropods

Bradoriids (Arthropoda) and the Cambrian Diversification

Middle Cambrian Bradoriida (Arthropoda) from the Franconian Forest, Germany, with a review of the bradoriids described from West Gondwana and a revision of material from Baltica

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