New Approaches to Catalyst Substrate Application for Diesel Engines

Reizig, Meike; Brück, Rolf; Konieczny, Roman; Treiber, Peter

doi:10.4271/2001-01-0189

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…One proposed solution [1][2][3] to this problem is to place a small catalyst before the turbocharger, where the exhaust temperature is generally about 100°C higher than in the post-turbo position. Owing to space and back pressure considerations, these pre-turbo catalysts must be very small and operate at very short residence times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat and mass transfer limitations in pre-turbocharger catalysts

Mmbaga

Hayes

et al. 2007

Top Catal

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The use of the Diesel engine is increasing, while at the same time emission limits are becoming more stringent. To reduce emissions, novel catalyst converter designs have been proposed, including the placement of a small converter before the turbocharger. The role of this catalyst is to provide some reduction of the pollutant level prior to the main catalyst. This catalyst is typified by high flow rates. In this paper the performance of small catalytic converters operated at high flowrate is examined using computer simulation. The oxidation of CO is used as a model reaction. It is shown that for a typical oxidation catalyst, conversions of the order of 30% can be achieved at typical temperatures and a GHSV of 5 million h )1 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat and mass transfer limitations in pre-turbocharger catalysts

Mmbaga

Hayes

et al. 2007

Top Catal

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“…On the basis of these considerations it makes good sense to install catalytic converter volumes in front of the exhaust gas turbine. There are a number of different installation options [2], which among other factors also depend on the configuration of the exhaust system: 1) Installation directly in the exhaust port Catalytic converters can be fitted in each exhaust port in the junction between cylinder head and exhaust manifold. Its volume is limited due to the available space, and several single partial volumes are required to capture the entire exhaust gas stream.…”

Section: Influence Of Temperature In Ptc Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The demands for effectiveness and performance are growing because modern diesel engines are becoming increasingly efficient and produce ever-lower exhaust gas temperatures. An obvious solution to this problem is placing catalytic converter volumes in front of the exhaust gas turbine to take advantage of the higher temperature levels there for the fast light-off of the catalytic converter [2]. This can ease the cold start problem considerably allowing the main catalytic converter fitted downstream behind the turbine to be more efficient as shown in [3] where its size could be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pre-Turbocharger Catalyst - Fast catalyst light-off evaluation

Carberry¹,

Grasi²,

Guérin³

et al. 2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Further tightened emission legislation and new engine technologies increase the requirements for the exhaust after-treatment system of modern diesel passenger cars. Especially the increasing raw emissions of HC and CO as well as the low temperature of the exhaust gas for a long period during cold start of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) require additional efforts in the design of the oxidation catalyst system [1]. A highly efficient micro catalyst, which is mounted in front of a turbocharger, can help to treat efficiently these high HC and CO emissions. Due to the higher temperature level in front of the turbine and the significantly increased mass and heat transfer by turbulent flow, efficiency especially during cold start is highly increased. However the packaging constraints are more critical in this area due to heat considerations and also to maintain engine performance. The Pre-Turbocharger Catalyst (PTC) is able to balance the total functionality and has a high potential to make the Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)more efficient.

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“…The pre-turbo positioning of the DOC was studied in detail by Reizig et al [20] and Carberry et al [21] among others and a pre-turbo placed SCR has been proposed by Johnson Matthey for a Diesel electric power generator [22]. The needed high thermal level cannot be achieved in many engine operating points in case the aftertreatment is placed downstream of the turbine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution to the understanding of filtration and pressure drop phenomena in wall-flow DPFs

Angiolini¹

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From the last decades of the 20th century, internal combustion engines have undergone a continuous improvement process aimed to the increase of their efficiency and decrease of the pollutants emissions. The reduction of the availability of fossil fuel and the increase of human-made pollution observed in the last decades is leading worldwide to more stringent emission standards that make the engine manufacturers to constantly look for fuel consumption and emission reductions while keeping engine performance.To comply with current and incoming emission regulations, the exhaust line of internal combustion engines has been gradually complicated by the presence of aftertreatment systems. Among them, the particulate filter is the device in charge of abating the emission of soot in the atmosphere. Concerning compression ignition engines, diesel particulate filters (DPF) were first commercially utilized in significant numbers in passenger car and heavy-duty engines since the beginning of the 21st century. Euro 6 emission standards limits the emitted particulate matter from direct injection engines, thus extending the use of particulate filters also to direct injection gasoline engines.A deep knowledge of the phenomena happening inside the DPF is required for the correct understanding of the behaviour of this system and its interaction with the engine. The precise knowledge of the filtration and pressure drop processes is mandatory for the design of the particulate filter and is also essential to wisely think up and analyse solutions aimed to limit the negative impact of the filter on the fuel consumption maintaining its capability of retaining soot particles.Thus, the present work pretends to provide a contribution to the understanding of these phenomena in wall-flow DPFs. The problem has been faced on a computational and experimental basis. A notable part of the work was dedicated to the development and validation of a one-dimensional DPF filtration model to be coupled with the existing pressure drop model. The model was implemented in OpenWAM™, the open-source gas dynamics software for internal combustion engines and components computation developed at CMT -Motores Térmicos.The developed computational tool was applied to the assessment of the aftertreatment (DOC&DPF) volume downsizing potential in post-and pre-turbo aftertreatment configuration. The study is completed with experimental analysis to support theoretical insights discussing how the soot deposition profile and the particulate layer properties impact on the DPF pressure drop.i ResumenDesde las últimas décadas del siglo XX, se ha producido un proceso de mejora continua de los motores de combustión interna alternativos con el fin de aumentar su eficiencia y reducir las emisiones contaminantes. La reducción de la disponibilidad de combustibles fósiles y el incremento de la polución de origen antropogénico observados en las ultimas décadas ha provocado el progresivo endurecimiento de las normativas anticontaminación a nivel mundial obligando a los fabri...

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New Approaches to Catalyst Substrate Application for Diesel Engines

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Heat and mass transfer limitations in pre-turbocharger catalysts

Heat and mass transfer limitations in pre-turbocharger catalysts

Pre-Turbocharger Catalyst - Fast catalyst light-off evaluation

Contribution to the understanding of filtration and pressure drop phenomena in wall-flow DPFs

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