New Approach to Selecting Civil Defense Centers in Al-Riyadh City (KSA) Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and GIS

Abstract

Maintaining and enhancing the quality of civil defense services are of importance to citizens’ life in any city. During the past few decades, the expansion of settlements in Al-Riyadh City has led to a shortage in the distribution of the civil defense centers (CDCs) there. The main aim of this study is to implement the Weighted Sum Method (WSM) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate the distribution of the CDCs in Al-Riyadh City. Eight criteria (i.e., distance from the existing civil defense center, accident density, population density, distance from the road, distance from commercial centers, distance from educational services, distance from industrial areas, and distance from residential areas) were used. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the Prediction Rate Curve (PRC) show that almost all of the AHP models are better than the WSM model. We suggest establishing five CDCs in Al-Riyadh City in areas that are lacking CDCs and characterized by a high population density and consequently a high rate of accidents. We recommend highly long-term planning for establishing new CDCs in cities where there is rapid areal expansion (e.g., Al-Riyadh City).

Proposing Optimal Locations for Runoff Harvesting and Water Management Structures in the Hami Qeshan Watershed, Iraq

“…It is noteworthy that GIS also supports spatial optimization and location models that can find the best solutions to geographic decision problems under firmly defined circumstances [36,37]. On the other hand, MCDA techniques, such as Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) [38] and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) [39], are among the frequently applied approaches to determine the relative rank of multiple interrelated factors, based on decision-making priorities, for different site selection projects (e.g., dams, landslides, groundwater recharge zonation, landfills, and civil defense centers) [4,[40][41][42][43].…”

Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad del espacio público para lograr ciudades más inclusivas para las personas mayores. Estudio de caso

“…El cuidado personal es un punto de las normas de la ley estatal de autonomía y dependencia 39/2006, que incluye a las personas económicamente vulnerables. Así, los servicios sociales deben estar dedicados a satisfacer las necesidades diarias de las personas mayores desde la atención especializada para fortalecer el espacio psicológico y ecológico de la salud mental de las personas mayores (Batljan & Lagergren, 2005;Grazuleviciute-Vileniske et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2020).…”

“…Las acciones diarias de las personas y sus desplazamientos en diferentes lugares y diversos equipamientos (hospital, centro de salud, servicio de entretenimiento, comerciales…etc.) del medio físico para satisfacer sus necesidades deben ser posibles en todas las etapas de la vida, sin discriminación, con una planificación urbanística adecuada (Abd El Karim & Awawdeh, 2020;Bashir et al, 2021).…”