New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for safety testing of complex food matrices: A review of status, considerations, and regulatory adoption

Manful, Maame Ekua; Ahmed, Lubna; Barry-Ryan, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2023.104191

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The ingredients used should be combined to achieve the desired therapeutic or cosmetic effects and be appropriate for the purpose. Additionally, all cosmetic products must meet the standard requirements, such as, being temperature resistant and stable over a sufficient period of time, and therefore preservative usage, pH regulators, chelating agents, and antioxidants should be considered [9,16].…”

Section: Overview Of Cosmetic and Dermatology Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Hydrogels as Transdermal Delivery System for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications, and Hyaluronic Acid as a Polymer Model in Hydrogel Preparation

Rashid,

Carter,

Childs

2024

Preprint

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Hydrogels have gained significant attention as vehicles for transdermal delivery systems. These polymeric-structured substances have been implemented in pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Many factors are employed in their preparation. Light, pH, temperature and specific molecules ligands are commonly used in the production of hydrogels. The Transdermal delivery system (TDD) is a widely used route, used to deliver actives/drugs via the skin. Hydrogels as a TDD have been shown to be efficient in enhancing the efficacy in delivering the actives and drugs. The aim of this review is to discuss the hydrogels application in both dermatological therapeutic and cosmetic applications, covering the types, and properties of hydrogel polymer networks. Furthermore, this review presents one of the most extensively used polymers (Hyaluronic acid HA) in this field and discusses the properties, preparation methods and applications of HA hydrogel patches as a delivery system, including methods of loading the actives and the releasing of these actives from them.

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Section: Overview Of Cosmetic and Dermatology Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Hydrogels as Transdermal Delivery System for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications, and Hyaluronic Acid as a Polymer Model in Hydrogel Preparation

Rashid,

Carter,

Childs

2024

Preprint

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“…The cosmetics industry has made considerable progress in transitioning to non-animal testing methods facilitated by policy-driven measures such as the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) of animal testing and the ban on animal testing for cosmetic ingredients and products in the EU [7]. Consequently, alternative approaches such as New Approach Methodologies (Table 1) have emerged as substitutes for animal testing, with ongoing efforts to validate these methods [8,9]. While the majority of validated NAMs primarily address local toxicity effects, further research and policy efforts are needed to advance validation in other areas [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

Manful,

Ahmed,

Barry-Ryan

2024

Cosmetics

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Consumer preferences, safety, and sustainability aspects of conventional cosmetic ingredients have contributed to an increase in the demand for natural cosmetic ingredients and products. Naturally derived active cosmetic agents and excipients may come into contact with various naturally occurring and synthetic contaminants throughout the supply chain, and substantiating their safety is essential. This review examines the safety and legislative requirements applicable to natural cosmetic ingredients in the European Union (EU). Cosmetic safety requirements include technical data based on the ingredient profile, presence of hazards and the risks associated with the intended conditions of use. The hazard analysis includes screening for microbial contaminants such as aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans; chemical contaminants such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury; and naturally occurring toxins, such as allergens. The toxicological assessment considers both local effects (such as skin sensitisation, eye/skin irritation, and photo-induced effects) and systemic effects (including acute dermal toxicity, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, and toxicokinetics). The EU legislative requirements prohibit the use of animal-based tests for the toxicological evaluation of cosmetic ingredients, paving the way for alternatives termed as New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). The validation of NAMs is critical for their wider usage, and despite advancements, few have been validated, particularly for systemic toxicity testing. The use of NAMs in evaluating the safety of complex natural cosmetic ingredients is further examined.

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E‐waste: mechanisms of toxicity and safety testing

Eze,

Vinken

2024

FEBS Open Bio

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Currently, information on the toxicity profile of the majority of the identified e‐waste chemicals, while extensive and growing, is admittedly fragmentary, particularly at the cellular and molecular levels. Furthermore, the toxicity of the chemical mixtures likely to be encountered by humans during and after informal e‐waste recycling, as well as their underlying mechanisms of action, is largely unknown. This review paper summarizes state‐of‐the‐art knowledge of the potential underlying toxicity mechanisms associated with e‐waste exposures, with a focus on toxic responses connected to specific organs, organ systems, and overall effects on the organism. To overcome the complexities associated with assessing the possible adverse outcomes from exposure to chemicals, a growing number of new approach methodologies have emerged in recent years, with the long‐term objective of providing a human‐based and animal‐free system that is scientifically superior to animal testing, more effective, and acceptable. This encompasses a variety of techniques, typically regarded as alternative approaches for determining chemical‐induced toxicities and holds greater promise for a better understanding of key events in the metabolic pathways that mediate known adverse health outcomes in e‐waste exposure scenarios. This is crucial to establishing accurate scientific knowledge on mixed e‐waste chemical exposures in shorter time frames and with greater efficacy, as well as supporting the need for safe management of hazardous chemicals. The present review paper discusses important gaps in knowledge and shows promising directions for mechanistically anchored effect‐based monitoring strategies that will contribute to the advancement of the methods currently used in characterizing and monitoring e‐waste‐impacted ecosystems.

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New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for safety testing of complex food matrices: A review of status, considerations, and regulatory adoption

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Overview of Hydrogels as Transdermal Delivery System for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications, and Hyaluronic Acid as a Polymer Model in Hydrogel Preparation

Overview of Hydrogels as Transdermal Delivery System for Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Applications, and Hyaluronic Acid as a Polymer Model in Hydrogel Preparation

Cosmetic Formulations from Natural Sources: Safety Considerations and Legislative Frameworks in the European Union

E‐waste: mechanisms of toxicity and safety testing

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